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Healthcare usage and expenditure among people with type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension in Cambodia

Journal Contribution - e-publication

Subtitle:results from a cross-sectional survey
ObjectiveTo assess usage of public and private healthcare, related healthcare expenditure, and associated factors for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and/or hypertension (HTN) and for people without those conditions in Cambodia.MethodsA cross-sectional household survey.SettingsFive operational districts (ODs) in Cambodia.ParticipantsData were from 2360 participants aged >= 40 years who had used healthcare services at least once in the 3 months preceding the survey.Primary and secondary outcomeThe main variables of interest were the number of healthcare visits and healthcare expenditure in the last 3 months.ResultsThe majority of healthcare visits took place in the private sector. Only 22.0% of healthcare visits took place in public healthcare facilities: 21.7% in people with HTN, 37.2% in people with T2D, 34.7% in people with T2D plus HTN and 18.9% in people without the two conditions (p value <0.01). For people with T2D and/or HTN, increased public healthcare use was significantly associated with Health Equity Fund (HEF) membership and living in ODs with community-based care. Furthermore, significant healthcare expenditure reduction was associated with HEF membership and using public healthcare facilities in these populations.ConclusionOverall public healthcare usage was relatively low; however, it was higher in people with chronic conditions. HEF membership and community-based care contributed to higher public healthcare usage among people with chronic conditions. Using public healthcare services, regardless of HEF status reduced healthcare expenditure, but the reduction in spending was more noticeable in people with HEF membership. To protect people with T2D and/or HTN from financial risk and move towards the direction of universal health coverage, the public healthcare system should further improve care quality and expand social health protection. Future research should link healthcare use and expenditure across different healthcare models to actual treatment outcomes to denote areas for further investment.
Journal: BMJ open
ISSN: 2044-6055
Volume: 13
Pages: 1 - 14
Publication year:2023
Keywords:A1 Journal article
Accessibility:Open