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Seroprevalence of major bovine-associated zoonotic infectious diseases in the Lao People's Democratic Republic Institute of Tropical Medicine
Bovine-associated zoonotic infectious diseases pose a significant threat to human health in the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). In all, 905 cattle and buffalo serum samples collected in northern Lao PDR in 2006 were used to determine seroprevalence of five major bovine zoonotic infectious diseases that included Taenia saginata cysticercosis, bovine tuberculosis, Q-fever, bovine brucellosis, and bovine leptospirosis. Five ...
A cross-sectional study of Taenia solium in a multiple taeniid-endemic region reveals competition may be protective Institute of Tropical Medicine
We conducted cross-sectional surveys for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans, pigs, and dogs in four northern provinces of Laos. Human cysticercosis and taeniasis prevalence was 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4-3.0%) and 8.4% (95% CI = 6.9-9.9%), respectively. Eating uncooked beef, being male, province of residence, age, and ethnicity were significant risk factors for taeniasis and only province of residence was a significant risk ...
Incidence of treatment-limiting toxicity with Stavudine-based antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia: a retrospective cohort study Institute of Tropical Medicine
BACKGROUND: Although stavudine (D4T) remains frequently used in low-income countries in Asia, associated long-term toxicity data are scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term incidence of severe D4T-toxicity (requiring drug substitution) and associated risk factors in HIV-infected Cambodians up to six years on antiretroviral treatment (ART). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: This is a retrospective analysis of an observational ...
Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease in patients with HIV in Southeast Asia Institute of Tropical Medicine
Canine Trypanosoma evansi infection introduced into Germany Institute of Tropical Medicine
A 9-year-old male Jack Russell Terrier with a history of travel to Thailand was presented with chronic lethargy, weight loss, unilateral anterior uveitis, pancytopenia, hyperglobulinemia, and proteinuria. Numerous trypomastigotes were found on a blood smear, and using molecular methods the parasite was identified as Trypanosoma evansi. After initial response to treatment, the dog experienced a relapse with central neurologic signs 88 days after ...
Diagnostic work-up and loss of tuberculosis suspects in Jogjakarta, Indonesia Institute of Tropical Medicine
BACKGROUND: Early and accurate diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is critical for successful TB control. To assist in the diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary TB, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends the use of a diagnostic algorithm. Our study evaluated the implementation of the national tuberculosis programme's diagnostic algorithm in routine health care settings in Jogjakarta, Indonesia. The diagnostic algorithm is based on ...
Azithromycin and ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella bloodstream infections in Cambodian adults Institute of Tropical Medicine
Efficacy of miltefosine in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis after a decade of use in India Institute of Tropical Medicine
Background: Miltefosine is the only oral drug available for treatment of Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) which was shown to have an efficacy of 94% in a phase 3 trial in Indian subcontinent. Its unrestricted use has raised concern about its continued effectiveness. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of miltefosine for the treatment of VL after a decade of use in India.MethodsIt was an open-label non-comparative study, in which 567 ...
Incidence and risk factors for breast cancer subtypes in three distinct South-East Asian ethnic groups: Chinese, Malay and natives of Sarawak, Malaysia Institute of Tropical Medicine
INTRODUCTION: We determined the incidences of the ER, PR and HER2 subtypes among breast cancer cases in Sarawak, Malaysia, and their correlation with various risk factors in the three ethnic groups: Chinese, Malay and native. METHODS: Subtype status was ascertained for 1034 cases of female breast cancer (93% of all cases diagnosed since 2003), and the age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) of each subtype were inferred. Case-case comparisons ...