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The neutralization relationship of HIV type 1, HIV type 2, and SIVcpz is reflected in the genetic diversity that distinguishes them Institute of Tropical Medicine

PN Nyambi, B Willems, W Janssens, K Fransen, J Nkengasong, M Peeters, Katleen Vereecken, Leo Heyndrickx, P. Piot, G van der Groen, et al.

Neutralizing antibody (NA) patterns in the sera of individuals naturally infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, HIV-2, and the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVcpz) to their homologous and heterologous isolates were determined in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based neutralization assay. We examined the role of the V3 loop of HIV-1 and SIVcpz in neutralization and the cross-reactivities among them. Cross-neutralization by ...

Combinations of griffithsin with other carbohydrate-binding agents demonstrate superior activity against HIV type 1, HIV type 2, and selected carbohydrate-binding agent-resistant HIV type 1 strains KU Leuven

Geoffrey Férir, Dana Huskens, Jan Balzarini, Dominique Schols

Abstract Carbohydrate-binding agents (CBAs) are potential HIV microbicidal agents with a high genetic barrier to resistance. We wanted to evaluate whether two mannose-specific CBAs, recognizing multiple and often distinct glycan structures on the HIV envelope gp120, can interact synergistically against HIV-1, HIV-2, and HIV-1 strains that were selected for resistance against particular CBAs [i.e., 2G12 mAb and microvirin (MVN)]. Paired CBA/CBA ...

Proportion of new HIV infections attributable to herpes simplex 2 increases over time: simulations of the changing role of sexually transmitted infections in sub-Saharan African HIV epidemics Institute of Tropical Medicine

EE Freeman, KK Orroth, RG White, JR Glynn, R Bakker, MC Boily, D Habbema, A Buvé, RJ Hayes

HIV screening during pregnancy; results of 2 attitude surveys on antenatal HIV screening in Belgium Institute of Tropical Medicine

M Denayer, P. Piot, T Jonckheer, A Stroobant

Can we reduce the spread of HIV infection by suppressing herpes simplex virus type 2 infection? Institute of Tropical Medicine

Overwhelming evidence from observational epidemiological studies indicates that herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection enhances the risk of acquiring HIV infection. Studies of genital shedding of HIV have suggested that HSV-2 infection also increases the onward transmission of HIV-1 by HIV/HSV-2 co-infected patients. Several randomized controlled trials were initiated to assess the impact of HSV-2 suppressive therapy on the acquisition of ...

Isolation of simian immunodeficiency viruses from two sooty mangabeys in Côte d'Ivoire: virological and genetic characterization and relationship to other HIV type 2 and SIVsm/mac strains Institute of Tropical Medicine

M Peeters, W Janssens, K Fransen, J Brandful, Leo Heyndrickx, K Koffi, E Delaporte, P. Piot, GM Gershy-Damet, G van der Groen, et al.

Objective
To search for the presence of SIV in sooty mangabeys and other monkey species in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa, and to compare viral isolates with HIV-2 strains from the same region.
Methods
Forty-three captive housed monkeys (28 African green monkeys, 6 sooty mangabeys, 6 baboons, and 6 patas monkeys) were tested for the presence of HIV and SIV antibodies. Virus was isolated from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of ...

Genetic analysis of HIV type 2 from Ghana and Guinea-Bissau, West Africa Institute of Tropical Medicine

K Ishikawa, JS Banor, T Shinno, J Piedade, T Sata, WK Ampofo, JAM Brandful, Y Koyanagi, N Yamamoto, WF Canas-Ferreira, et al.

Multicentric Castleman's disease in 2 patients with HIV infection, unresponsive to antiviral therapy Institute of Tropical Medicine

Emmanuel Bottieau, R Colebunders, W Schroyens, J Van Droogenbroeck, E De Droogh, K Depraetere, H De Raeve, E Van Marck

Comparison of two simulators for individual based models in HIV epidemiology in a population with HSV 2 in Yaounde (Cameroon) University of Antwerp Hasselt University Ghent University Vrije Universiteit Brussel KU Leuven

Diana M. Hendrickx, Joao Dinis Sousa, Pieter J.K. Libin, Wim Delva, Jori Liesenborgs, Niel Hens, Viktor Mueller, Anne-Mieke Vandamme

Model comparisons have been widely used to guide intervention strategies to control infectious diseases. Agreement between different models is crucial for providing robust evidence for policy-makers because differences in model properties can influence their predictions. In this study, we compared models implemented by two individual-based model simulators for HIV epidemiology in a heterosexual population with Herpes simplex virus type-2 ...

Association between HIV integrase strand transfer inhibitor use and type 2 diabetes mellitus University of Antwerp

Frank Mulindwa

Following reports of widespread primary resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended dolutegravir (DTG), an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) as an anchor drug for first line and later second line treatment of HIV. In the years that followed the WHO recommendations, DTG anchored anti-retroviral therapy (ART) was widely implemented in most HIV treatment programs ...

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