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High-resolution habitat suitability model for Phlebotomus pedifer, the vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis in southwestern Ethiopia Institute of Tropical Medicine University of Antwerp

Myrthe Pareyn, Anneleen Rutten, Behailu Merdekios, Ronja E. M. Wedegartner, Nigatu Girma, Leo Regelbrugge, Simon Shibru, Herwig Leirs

Background: Phlebotomus pediferis the vector forLeishmania aethiopicacausing cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in southwestern Ethiopia. Previous research on the transmission dynamics of CL resulted in recommendations for vector control. In order to target these interventions towards affected areas, a comprehensive understanding of the spatial distribution ofP. pediferat high spatial resolution is required. Therefore, this study determined the ...

Susceptibility status of the wild-caught Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), the sand fly vector of visceral leishmaniasis, to different insecticides in Nepal Institute of Tropical Medicine

Lalita Roy, Surendra Kumar Uranw, Kristien Cloots, Usha Kiran, Uttam Raj Pyakurel, Murari Lal Das, Rajpal S Yadav, Wim Van Bortel

BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is targeted for elimination as a public health problem in Nepal by 2023. For nearly three decades, the core vector control intervention in Nepal has been indoor residual spraying (IRS) with pyrethroids. Considering the long-term use of pyrethroids and the possible development of resistance in the vector Phlebotomus argentipes sand flies, we monitored the susceptibility status of their field populations ...

Exposure to Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) sand flies in rural areas of Bihar, India Institute of Tropical Medicine University of Antwerp

Paritosh Malaviya, Epco Hasker, Albert Picado, Mukesh Mishra, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden, Murari Lal Das, Marleen Boelaert, Shyam Sundar

BACKGROUND: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne infectious disease, caused by the protozoan Leishmania donovani, which is transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies. In an earlier study in Bihar, India, we found an association between incidence of VL and housing conditions. In the current study we investigated the influence of housing structure and conditions in and around the house on the indoor abundance of Phlebotomus argentipes, the ...

Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to identify host-feeding preferences of Phlebotomus species (Diptera: Psychodidae) in endemic foci of visceral leishmaniasis in Nepal Institute of Tropical Medicine

I Burniston, L. Roy, A Picado, M Das, Suman Rijal, M Rogers, M. Coosemans, Marleen Boelaert, C. Davies, M Cameron, et al.
Anthroponotic visceral leishmaniasis, transmitted by Phlebotomus argentipes Annandale & Brunetti (Diptera: Psychodidae) sand flies, is regarded as a major problem of public healthimportance in the Indian subcontinent. Understanding the feeding behavior of the vector can be used to investigate changes in human-vector contact during intervention programs. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was modified to make it suitable to identify ...

A composite recombinant salivary proteins biomarker for Phlebotomus argentipes provides a surveillance tool postelimination of visceral leishmaniasis in India University of Antwerp

Incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the Indian subcontinent (ISC) has declined by more than 95% since initiation of the elimination program in 2005. As the ISC transitions to the postelimination surveillance phase, an accurate measurement of human-vector contact is needed to assure long-term success. To develop this tool, we identified PagSP02 and PagSP06 from saliva of Phlebotomus argentipes, the vector of Leishmania donovani in the ...

ISC1, a new Leishmania donovani population emerging in the Indian sub-continent: Vector competence of Phlebotomus argentipes Institute of Tropical Medicine University of Antwerp

Veronika Seblova, Jean-Claude Dujardin, Suman Rijal, Malgorzata Domagalska, Petr Volf

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), the most severe form of the disease, is caused by Leishmania donovani in the Indian sub-continent (ISC). Whole genome sequencing studies revealed that two parasite populations exist in the ISC: a main population named the Core Group (CG) found mostly in the lowlands, and a new, genetically different subpopulation called ISC1. Parasites belonging to the CG were shown to be responsible for the recent epidemics, ...

Measurement of recent exposure to Phlebotomus argentipes, the vector of Indian visceral leishmaniasis, by using human antibody responses to sand fly saliva Institute of Tropical Medicine

MF Clements, K. Gidwani, R Kumar, J Hostomska, DS Dinesh, V. Kumar, P. Das, I. Muller, G Hamilton, V. Volfova, et al.
Antibody (IgG) responses to the saliva of Phlebotomus argentipes were investigated using serum samples from regions of India endemic and non-endemic for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). By pre-adsorbing the sera against the saliva of the competing human-biting but non-VL vector P. papatasi, we significantly improved the specificity of a P. argentipes saliva enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Using this method, we observed a statistically significant ...