Projects

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ADMIRE: Association, causality and biomarker Discovery in translational MIcrobiome REsearch. Hasselt University

Olivier THAS
Immunology & Infection, Environmental Biology, Centre for Statistics
The introduction of next generation sequencing technologies has pushed microbiome research to previously unseen levels, opening a route towards improved sustainable crop production and disease prevention and treatment. Existing data analysis methods, however, still fail to give reliable and reproducible conclusions, because they insufficiently cope with the very specific data characteristics (high zero frequency, overdispersion, ...

Inter-level causality in the life sciences. University of Antwerp

Bert Leuridan
Centre for Philosophical Psychology
For most people, it will be uncontroversial that causal relations can exist between mechanisms and their parts: a decrease in serotonin levels can cause depression, and a bust spark plug causes engine failure. Yet in the philosophy of science, many believe that these inter-level relations are in fact only causal because they are hybrid: they contain both a causal, horizontal part, and a noncausal vertical part. Although most philosophers agree ...

Employee reactions to talent management: Establishing causality using an experimental/simulation approach grounded in social comparison theory KU Leuven

Nicky Dries
Department of Work and Organisation Studies, Leuven

Talent management (TM) is an organizational practice typically involving the identification of its 1-10% best employees. A common assumption is that negative reactions to TM among ‘non-talents’ are likely to cancel out positive reactions among those who do attain talent status. As a result, many organizations are experimenting with the degree of exclusiveness of their TM programs. Interestingly, however, there is no evidence to support the ...

Precarious work and mental health in young people: revealing causality and discovering mechanisms Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Christophe Vanroelen
Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences and Solvay Business School, Sociology
The general objective of the proposed project is to advance our current understanding of the relationship between precarious employment and mental health among young adults. In an epoch of rising labour market inequalities and structural transformations, precarious employment is an emerging social determinant of health. This is certainly the case for workers in a vulnerable labour market position, including low-skilled urban youth. In particular ...

Time, Causality, and Probability in Quantum Mechanics: Assessing Retrocausal Explanations in Light of Recent Experiments KU Leuven

Sylvia Wenmackers
Centre for Logic and Philosophy of Science, Theoretical Physics

Ingrained in our scientific mindset is the temporal arrow of causality — the idea that causation is time-asymmetric such that causes precede their effects temporally. In recent years, however, due in large part to the puzzles of quantum mechanics, scientists as renowned as John Wheeler, George Ellis and Yakir Aharonov have toyed with the idea that causality might be a two-headed arrow, and that choices made now might influence what has ...

Causality in cognitive science and philosophy of mind. University of Antwerp

Bert Leuridan
Centre for Philosophical Psychology
Many philosophers of mind profess to being naturalists: if science and philosophy clash, it is the latter, not the former that should give way. Yet this presupposes that one can compare scientific and philosophical claims. In the philosophy of mind, there is one bad habit that hampers our ability to make such a comparison: the tendency to leave the notion of causality, which is central to a number of key debates, unspecified. Talk about the ...

The Impact of Student Work on Later Labour Market Outcomes: Causality, Underlying Mechanisms and Effect Heterogeneity Ghent University

Bart Cockx
Department of Social economics

The goal of the proposed research is to investigate whether, why and when student work affects later labour market success. First, regarding the whether-question, I will use advanced statistical techniques to measure whether student work experience really has a direct impact on later employment chances or whether the positive relation found by previous studies just reflects positive qualities that were not observable in their research data ...

Zebrafish as a model system to evaluate the causality of variants of unknown clinical significance in hereditary breast cancer Ghent University

Kathleen Claes
Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and medical genetics

In hereditary breast cancer, knowledge of the genetic cause provides the opportunity to include high risk individuals in surveillance programs and may tailor therapeutics. Since the implementation of next generation sequencing in molecular diagnostics, the number of variants of unknown clinical significance (VUS) increased dramatically. The finding of such a variant creates a lot of uncertainty. Therefore, development of reliable functional ...

Launching awareness and chasing consciousness: Unconscious processing of causality and animacy. KU Leuven

Johan Wagemans
Brain and Cognition

The mystery of conscious visual experience has intrigued many philosophers, psychologists, and neuroscientists for decades, if not centuries. One of the insights research on this topic has yielded is that there is no one-to-one correspondence between physical visual input and our corresponding perceptual experience. Indeed, in some specific situations visual input can be presented to the observer, while remaining invisible. The ultimate goal ...