Analysis, Control and Comparison of DC/DC Boost Converter Topologies for Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications

Interleaving techniques are widely used to reduce input/output ripples, to increase the efficiency and to increase the power capacity of the boost converters. This paper presents analysis, design and implementation of a high-power multileg interleaved DC/DC boost converter with a digital signal processor (DSP) based controller. This research focuses on the DC/DC converter that interfaces the fuel cell to the powertrain of the hybrid electric vehicles. In this paper, Two-phase interleaved boost converter (IBC) with digital phase-shift control scheme is proposed in order to reduce the input current ripples, to reduce the output voltage ripples and to reduce the size of passive components with high efficiency for high power applications. The digital control based on DSP is proposed to solve the associated synchronization problem with interleaving converters. In addition, low EMI and low stress in the switches are expected. The proposed converter is compared with other topologies, such as conventional boost converter (BC) and multi-device boost converter (MDBC) in order to examine its performance. Moreover, generalized small-signal and loss models with complete parameters for these DC/DC converters are derived. The PWM DC/DC converter topologies and their controller are investigated and compared by MATLAB/SIMULINK. Experimentally, a dual-loop average current control method implemented in TMS320F2808 DSP is employed to achieve the fast transient response. The simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed converter is more efficient than other DC/DC converter topologies to achieve a high performance for high power converter and it can be applied in the FCHEV as well as the fuel cell distributed generation system.

Trefwoorden:Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicle (FCHEV), DC/DC Boost Converters, Generalized Small-Signal Model, Converter Losses Model, Closed-loop Control strategy, digital signal processor (DSP)