Jaw bone characteristics and their influence on dental implant therapy outcome.

A large part of the adult population worldwide is edentulous or partially edentulous to such an extent that their masticatory function is significantly impaired (Adell et al 1981). Conventional dentures or prostheses are the traditional method of treatment for edentulism, but they are often inadequate in restoring full masticatory function. Such inadequate restoration of function has negative effects on nutrition, physical appearance and self-esteem (Schnitman et al. 1988). These problems generally worsen with age as additional teeth are lost and alveolar bone resorbs, decreasing the stability and functionality of conventional dentures (Capilouto et Douglass 1988). Endosseous oral implants are devices that can be inserted into the jawbone, in which they can osseointegrate (Branemark et al. 1977). Oral implants are already available for 30 years. Osseointegration is the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing implant without the interposition of soft tissue (Albrektsson et al. 1983; Branemark et al. 1985). Such prosthetic constructions supported by implants offer long-term success for periods of 20 years and more in the rehabilitation of edentulous patients (Hansson et al. 1983; Lambrecht et al. 2003; Lindquist et al. 1987; Szmukler-Moncler et al. 2000). Implant mechanical stability has been identified as an essential criterion for achieving and maintaining osseointegration (Albrektsson et al. 1983;Branemark et al. 1985; Glauser et al. 2004). Several techniques and tools have been proposed to assess stability (Meredith et al. 1996; Olive & Aparicio,C. 1990). However, not all offer sufficient reliability, reproducibility and precision. Moreover, implant planning has witnessed a great leap forward with the introduction of CT based planning. But even though bone density (commonly referred to as bone quality in the literature) as well as bone quantity have to be taken into account, bone density is still neglected during the selection of patients and planning of the implant treatment. It is the aim of this project to investigate implant mechanical stability. The common tools used for that purpose will be evaluated (Implant stability quotient (Osstell ®) and damping capacity (Periotest ®)). Moreover, particular attention will be given to the investigation of the relation of bone quality (ex: in osteoporotic patients) and implant stability, and to the role of bone density in determining the stability of an implant.

Jaar van publicatie:2018

Toegankelijkheid:Open