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Project
Characterization of antimicrobial resistance among Gram-‐negative bacteria in Peru: a comprehensive national surveillance
Introduction
Globally, Gram--‐negative bacteria (GNB) carry a high morbidity burden, causing the majority of hospital acquired infections and an important number of community acquired infections such as urinary tract infections and enteric infections. In the last decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among these pathogens has widely spread, including resistance to third and fourth generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and even carbapenems – once considered last resort treatment for these infections1. Moreover, in the last years, we have witnessed increasing reports of resistance to rescue antibiotics such as tigecycline and colistin2. Consequently, the accelerated emergence of multidrug resistance among GNB has been recognized as a serious threat to public health worldwide. In May 2015, the World Health Organization in its 68th World Health Assembly adopted the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance4. Along with this, the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) initiative was published, recognizing that improvement of global surveillance is urgently needed, not only to assess the global burden of AMR, but also to provide necessary information to support local, national and global strategies.
Brief description of PhD project
In Peru, the National Plan to Fight Antimicrobial Resistance 2017--‐2021 was recently published6. The first two objectives of this plan include: 1) dissemination and education about AMR to the general population and medical community and 2) improvement of AMR surveillance and research to strengthen evidence base to guide local and national strategies. Following these two objectives, the current PhD proposal aims to collaborate with the National Health Institute by conducting a comprehensive national surveillance of AMR among the key GNB specified in the GLASS manual7. This surveillance will assess not only the prevalence of resistance to multiple antimicrobials, but also the mechanisms of resistance and the impact of resistance on the in--‐hospital mortality. In addition, the knowledge, attitudes and practices about antimicrobial resistance and prescribing among physicians from hospitals across the country will be assessed. Altogether, this information will constitute a comprehensive evaluation of the current burden of AMR in Peru. This valuable baseline information could help to the development and monitoring of public health interventions to target this problem. Moreover, this information will become a starting point for subsequent research questions and project designs directed to expand the knowledge in AMR in Peru and globally.
Globally, Gram--‐negative bacteria (GNB) carry a high morbidity burden, causing the majority of hospital acquired infections and an important number of community acquired infections such as urinary tract infections and enteric infections. In the last decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among these pathogens has widely spread, including resistance to third and fourth generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides and even carbapenems – once considered last resort treatment for these infections1. Moreover, in the last years, we have witnessed increasing reports of resistance to rescue antibiotics such as tigecycline and colistin2. Consequently, the accelerated emergence of multidrug resistance among GNB has been recognized as a serious threat to public health worldwide. In May 2015, the World Health Organization in its 68th World Health Assembly adopted the Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance4. Along with this, the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) initiative was published, recognizing that improvement of global surveillance is urgently needed, not only to assess the global burden of AMR, but also to provide necessary information to support local, national and global strategies.
Brief description of PhD project
In Peru, the National Plan to Fight Antimicrobial Resistance 2017--‐2021 was recently published6. The first two objectives of this plan include: 1) dissemination and education about AMR to the general population and medical community and 2) improvement of AMR surveillance and research to strengthen evidence base to guide local and national strategies. Following these two objectives, the current PhD proposal aims to collaborate with the National Health Institute by conducting a comprehensive national surveillance of AMR among the key GNB specified in the GLASS manual7. This surveillance will assess not only the prevalence of resistance to multiple antimicrobials, but also the mechanisms of resistance and the impact of resistance on the in--‐hospital mortality. In addition, the knowledge, attitudes and practices about antimicrobial resistance and prescribing among physicians from hospitals across the country will be assessed. Altogether, this information will constitute a comprehensive evaluation of the current burden of AMR in Peru. This valuable baseline information could help to the development and monitoring of public health interventions to target this problem. Moreover, this information will become a starting point for subsequent research questions and project designs directed to expand the knowledge in AMR in Peru and globally.
Datum:1 dec 2017 → Heden
Trefwoorden:B780-tropische-geneeskunde