Titel Deelnemers "Korte inhoud" "#Coronavirus: Monitoring the Belgian Twitter Discourse on the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pandemic" "Sebastian Kurten, Kathleen Beullens" "In this study, a social media analysis is conducted to examine the public discourse about the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic on Twitter. In particular, this study aims to examine (a) how the number of tweets varies as a function of the timeline of the pandemic and associated measures and (b) how the content of these tweets, including displayed emotions, changes. Therefore, 373,908 tweets and retweets from Belgium were collected from February 25, 2020 to the March 30. Time series analysis, network bigrams, topic models, and emotional lexica were deployed for analysis. The results showed that significant events related to the virus correlated with an immediate increase in the number of tweets addressing them. Furthermore, the Belgian Twitter discourse was characterized by positively connoted words, which also refer to European solidarity. These findings do not only stress the relevance of Twitter as a medium for public discourse during lockdowns, but also seem to indicate that the Belgian public supports policy measures that respect solidarity in Europe." "Poor antibody response to BioNTech/Pfizer coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 – naive residents of nursing homes" "Pieter Pannus, Kristof Y Neven, Stéphane De Craeye, Leo Heyndrickx, Sara Vande Kerckhove, Daphnée Georges, Johan Michiels, Antoine Francotte, Marc Van Den Bulcke, Maan Zrein, Steven Van Gucht, Marie-Noëlle Schmickler, Mathieu Verbrugghe, André Matagne, Isabelle Thomas, Katelijne Dierick, Joshua A Weiner, Margaret E Ackerman, Stanislas Goriely, Maria E Goossens, Kevin K Ariën, Isabelle Desombere, Arnaud Marchant" "Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis With Trophoblast Necrosis Is a Risk Factor Associated With Placental Infection From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Intrauterine Maternal-Fetal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Transm" "Marcella Baldewijns, Lukas Marcelis" "CONTEXT.—: The number of neonates with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is increasing, and in a few there are reports of intrauterine infection. OBJECTIVE.—: To characterize the placental pathology findings in a preselected cohort of neonates infected by transplacental transmission arising from maternal infection with SARS-CoV-2, and to identify pathology risk factors for placental and fetal infection. DESIGN.—: Case-based retrospective analysis by a multinational group of 19 perinatal specialists of the placental pathology findings from 2 cohorts of infants delivered to mothers testing positive for SARS-CoV-2: live-born neonates infected via transplacental transmission who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 after delivery and had SARS-CoV-2 identified in cells of the placental fetal compartment by molecular pathology, and stillborn infants with syncytiotrophoblast positive for SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS.—: In placentas from all 6 live-born neonates acquiring SARS-CoV-2 via transplacental transmission, the syncytiotrophoblast was positive for coronavirus using immunohistochemistry, RNA in situ hybridization, or both. All 6 placentas had chronic histiocytic intervillositis and necrosis of the syncytiotrophoblast. The 5 stillborn/terminated infants had placental pathology findings that were similar, including SARS-CoV-2 infection of the syncytiotrophoblast, chronic histiocytic intervillositis, and syncytiotrophoblast necrosis. CONCLUSIONS.—: Chronic histiocytic intervillositis together with syncytiotrophoblast necrosis accompanies SARS-CoV-2 infection of syncytiotrophoblast in live-born and stillborn infants. The coexistence of these 2 findings in all placentas from live-born infants acquiring their infection prior to delivery indicates that they constitute a pathology risk factor for transplacental fetal infection. Potential mechanisms of infection of the placenta and fetus with SARS-CoV-2, and potential future studies, are discussed." "Can public trust coronavirus apps?" "Anne-Mieke VANDAMME, Totran Nguyen" "Respiratory management in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection" "Susanna Price, Suveer Singh, Stephane Ledot, Paolo Bianchi, Matthew Hind, Guido Tavazzi, Pascal VRANCKX" "The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic is to date affecting more than a million of patients and is challenging healthcare professionals around the world. Coronavirus disease 2019 may present with a wide range of clinical spectrum and severity, including severe interstitial pneumonia with high prevalence of hypoxic respiratory failure requiring intensive care admission. There has been increasing sharing experience regarding the patient's clinical features over the last weeks which has underlined the need for general guidance on treatment strategies. We summarise the evidence existing in the literature of oxygen and positive pressure treatments in patients at different stages of respiratory failure and over the course of the disease, including environment and ethical issues related to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 infection." "Differences and Similarities Among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Treated in Seven ICUs in Three Countries Within One Region" "Dieter MESOTTEN, Daniek A. M. Meijs, Bas C. T. van Bussel, Bjorn STESSEL, Jannet Mehagnoul-Schipper, Anisa Hana, Clarissa I. E. Scheeren, Ulrich Strauch, Marcel C. G. van de Poll, Chahinda Ghossein-Doha, Wolfgang F. F. A. Buhre, Johannes Bickenbach, Margot VANDER LAENEN, Gernot Marx, Iwan C. C. van der Horst" "OBJECTIVES: To investigate healthcare system-driven variation in general characteristics, interventions, and outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients admitted to the ICU within one Western European region across three countries. DESIGN: Multicenter observational cohort study. SETTING: Seven ICUs in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine, one region across Belgium, The Netherlands, and Germany. PATIENTS: Consecutive COVID-19 patients supported in the ICU during the first pandemic wave. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory values, and outcome data were retrieved after ethical approval and data-sharing agreements. Descriptive statistics were performed to investigate country-related practice variation. From March 2, 2020, to August 12, 2020, 551 patients were admitted. Mean age was 65.4 +/- 11.2 years, and 29% were female. At admission, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores were 15.0 +/- 5.5, 16.8 +/- 5.5, and 15.8 +/- 5.3 (p = 0.002), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were 4.4 +/- 2.7, 7.4 +/- 2.2, and 7.7 +/- 3.2 (p < 0.001) in the Belgian, Dutch, and German parts of Euregio, respectively. The ICU mortality rate was 22%, 42%, and 44%, respectively (p < 0.001). Large differences were observed in the frequency of organ support, antimicrobial/inflammatory therapy application, and ICU capacity. Mixed-multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that differences in ICU mortality were independent of age, sex, disease severity, comorbidities, support strategies, therapies, and complications. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 patients admitted to ICUs within one region, the Euregio Meuse-Rhine, differed significantly in general characteristics, applied interventions, and outcomes despite presumed genetic and socioeconomic background, admission diagnosis, access to international literature, and data collection are similar. Variances in healthcare systems' organization, particularly ICU capacity and admission criteria, combined with a rapidly spreading pandemic might be important drivers for the observed differences. Heterogeneity between patient groups but also healthcare systems should be presumed to interfere with outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019." "Outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in camels and probable spillover infection to humans in Kenya" "Isaac Ngere, Suxiang Tong, Julius Oyugi, Jennifer L. Harcourt, Natalie J. Thornburg, Harry Oyas, Mathew Muturi, Eric Mogaka Osoro, John Gachohi, Cynthia Ombok, Jeanette A Dawa, Ying Tao, Jing Zhang, Lydia Mwasi, Caroline Ochieng, Athman Mwatondo, Boku Bodha, Daniel Langat, M Kariuki Njenga, Marc-Alain Widdowson, Peninah M Munyua" "The majority of Kenya's > 3 million camels have antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), although human infection in Africa is rare. We enrolled 243 camels aged 0-24 months from 33 homesteads in Northern Kenya and followed them between April 2018 to March 2020. We collected and tested camel nasal swabs for MERS-CoV RNA by RT-PCR followed by virus isolation and whole genome sequencing of positive samples. We also documented illnesses (respiratory or other) among the camels. Human camel handlers were also swabbed, screened for respiratory signs, and samples were tested for MERS-CoV by RT-PCR. We recorded 68 illnesses among 58 camels, of which 76.5% (52/68) were respiratory signs and the majority of illnesses (73.5% or 50/68) were recorded in 2019. Overall, 124/4692 (2.6%) camel swabs collected from 83 (34.2%) calves in 15 (45.5%) homesteads between April-September 2019 screened positive, while 22 calves (26.5%) recorded reinfections (second positive swab following ≥ 2 consecutive negative tests). Sequencing revealed a distinct Clade C2 virus that lacked the signature ORF4b deletions of other Clade C viruses. Three previously reported human PCR positive cases clustered with the camel infections in time and place, strongly suggesting sporadic transmission to humans during intense camel outbreaks in Northern Kenya." "Ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia in coronavirus 2019 disease, a retrospective monocentric cohort study" "Marco Moretti, Johan Van Laethem, Andrea Minini, Denis Pierard, Manu L N G Malbrain" "INTRODUCTION: Severe coronavirus 2019 disease (CoViD-19) may lead to respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation. Therefore, ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) may complicate the course of the disease. The aim of the current article was to investigate possible predictive factors for bacterial VAP on a retrospective manner, in a cohort of mechanically ventilated CoViD-19 patients. Additionally, determinant factors of lethality were analyzed.METHODS: Medical records of patients hospitalized in the intensive care units (ICU) at the university hospital UZ Brussel during the epidemic were reviewed. VAP was defined following the National Healthcare Safety Network 2017 criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions analyses were performed.RESULTS: Among the 39 patients included in the study, 54% were diagnosed with bacterial VAP. Case fatality rate was 44%, but 59% of the deceased patients had a do-not-resuscitate status. Multivariate logistic regression for prediction of VAP showed significant differences in duration of ICU hospitalization and in minimal lung compliance. Additional analyses were performed on CoViD-19 patients who were affected by bacterial respiratory superinfection. The responsible pathogens correspond to the commonly found bacteria in VAP. However, 71% of the isolated germs were multi-drug resistant and bacteraemia was reported in 38%. Multivariate analyses for prediction of lethality found significant difference in SOFA score.CONCLUSIONS: Mechanically ventilated CoViD-19 patients might frequently develop VAP. Longer ICU hospitalization was associated with pulmonary superinfection in the current cohort. Moreover, decreased minimal lung compliance was correlated to VAP and higher SOFA score at VAP diagnosis was associated with lethality." "Role of sialic acids in feline enteric coronavirus infections" "Lowiese Desmarets, Sebastiaan Theuns, Inge Roukaerts, Delphine Acar, Hans Nauwynck" "Core outcomes set for trials in people with coronavirus disease 2019" "Allison Tong, Julian H. Elliot, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Amanda Baumgart, Andrew Bersten, Lilia Cervantes, Derek P. Chew, Yeoungjee Cho, Tess Cooper, Sally Crowe, Ivor S. Douglas, Nicole Evangelidis, Ella Flemyng, Elyssa Hannan, Peter Horby, Martin Howell, Jaehee Lee, Emma Liu, Eduardo Lorca, Deena Lynch, John C. Marshall, Andrea Matus Gonzalez, Anne McKenzie, Karine E. Manera, Charlie McLeod, Sangeeta Mehta, Andrew Conway Morris, Saad Nseir, Pedro Povoa, Mark Reid, Yasser Sakr, Ning Shen, Alan R. Smyth, Tom Snelling, Giovanni F. M. Strippoli, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Antoni Torres, Tari Turner, Andrea K. Viecelli, Steve Webb, Paula R. Williamson, Laila Woc-Colburn, Junhua Zhang, Jonathan C. Craig, Wim Van Biesen, [ missing ] COVID-19-Core Outcomes Set (COS) Workshop Investigators" "Objectives: The outcomes reported in trials in coronavirus disease 2019 are extremely heterogeneous and of uncertain patient relevance, limiting their applicability for clinical decision-making. The aim of this workshop was to establish a core outcomes set for trials in people with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019. Design: Four international online multistakeholder consensus workshops were convened to discuss proposed core outcomes for trials in people with suspected or confirmed coronavirus disease 2019, informed by a survey involving 9,289 respondents from 111 countries. The transcripts were analyzed thematically. The workshop recommendations were used to finalize the core outcomes set. Setting: International. Subjects: Adults 18 years old and over with confirmed or suspected coronavirus disease 2019, their family members, members of the general public and health professionals (including clinicians, policy makers, regulators, funders, researchers). Interventions: None. Measurements: None. Main results: Six themes were identified. ""Responding to the critical and acute health crisis"" reflected the immediate focus on saving lives and preventing life-threatening complications that underpinned the high prioritization of mortality, respiratory failure, and multiple organ failure. ""Capturing different settings of care"" highlighted the need to minimize the burden on hospitals and to acknowledge outcomes in community settings. ""Encompassing the full trajectory and severity of disease"" was addressing longer term impacts and the full spectrum of illness (e.g. shortness of breath and recovery). ""Distinguishing overlap, correlation and collinearity"" meant recognizing that symptoms such as shortness of breath had distinct value and minimizing overlap (e.g. lung function and pneumonia were on the continuum toward respiratory failure). ""Recognizing adverse events"" refers to the potential harms of new and evolving interventions. ""Being cognizant of family and psychosocial wellbeing"" reflected the pervasive impacts of coronavirus disease 2019. Conclusions: Mortality, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, shortness of breath, and recovery are critically important outcomes to be consistently reported in coronavirus disease 2019 trials."