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Visualising SARS-CoV-2 infection of the lung in deceased COVID-19 patients KU Leuven

Jan Van Slambrouck, Vincent Geudens, Emiel Vanhulle, Kurt Vermeire, Lucia Aversa, Janne Kaes, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Robin Vos, Bart Vanaudenaerde, Gert De Hertogh, et al.
Background SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus. Several negative-sense SARS-CoV-2 RNA species, both full-length genomic and subgenomic, are produced transiently during viral replication. Methodologies for rigorously characterising cell tropism and visualising ongoing viral replication at single-cell resolution in histological sections are needed to assess the virological and pathological phenotypes of future SARS-CoV-2 ...

A Multimodal Imaging-Supported Down Syndrome Mouse Model of RSV Infection KU Leuven

Birger Tielemans, Lander De Herdt, Emilie Pollenus, Emiel Vanhulle, Laura Seldeslachts, Fopke Marain, Flore Belmans, Kaveh Ahookhosh, Jeroen Vanoirbeek, Kurt Vermeire, et al.
Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) are more prone to develop severe respiratory tract infections. Although a RSV infection has a high clinical impact and severe outcome in individuals with DS, no vaccine nor effective therapeutics are available. Any research into infection pathophysiology or prophylactic and therapeutic antiviral strategies in the specific context of DS would greatly benefit this patient population, but currently such relevant ...

Radiologic and Histologic Correlates of Early Interstitial Lung Changes in Explanted Lungs. KU Leuven

Arno Vanstapel, Tinne Goos, Laurens Ceulemans, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Laurens De Sadeleer, Robin Vos, Arne Neyrinck, Geert Verleden, Wim Janssens, Els Wauters, et al.
Background Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) reflect imaging features on lung CT scans that are compatible with (early) interstitial lung disease. Despite accumulating evidence regarding the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of ILAs, the histopathologic correlates of ILAs remain elusive. Purpose To determine the correlation between radiologic and histopathologic findings in CT-defined ILAs in human lung explants. Materials and Methods ...

Principal component analysis of flow-volume curves in COPDGene to link spirometry with phenotypes of COPD KU Leuven

Kenneth Verstraete, Iwein Gyselinck, Thierry Troosters, Maarten De Vos, Wim Janssens
BACKGROUND: Parameters from maximal expiratory flow-volume curves (MEFVC) have been linked to CT-based parameters of COPD. However, the association between MEFVC shape and phenotypes like emphysema, small airways disease (SAD) and bronchial wall thickening (BWT) has not been investigated. RESEARCH QUESTION: We analyzed if the shape of MEFVC can be linked to CT-determined emphysema, SAD and BWT in a large cohort of COPDGene participants. STUDY ...

Clinical and functional characteristics of individuals with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: EARCO international registry KU Leuven

Wim Janssens
BACKGROUND: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a rare disease that is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary emphysema. The European AATD Research Collaboration (EARCO) international registry was founded with the objective of characterising the individuals with AATD and investigating their natural history. METHODS: The EARCO registry is an international, observational and prospective study of individuals with AATD, defined as AAT ...

Peribronchial Inflammation Resulting from Regulatory T Cell Deficiency Damages the Respiratory Epithelium and Disturbs Barrier Function KU Leuven

Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Brecht Steelant, Sven Seys, Jonathan Cremer, Adrian Liston, Rik Schrijvers, Christine Breynaert, Jeroen Vanoirbeek, Jan Ceuppens, Dominique Bullens, et al.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) that express the transcription factor Foxp3 have a critical role in limiting inflammatory processes and tissue damage. Whether Tregs are functional in maintaining epithelial barriers and in control of tight junction expression has not yet been explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of Treg deficiency on the airway epithelial barrier in an experimental murine model in which diphtheria toxin was repeatedly ...

Chlorine exposure and intensive exercise induces airway hyperreactivity in a 3-week murine exercise model KU Leuven

Anne-Charlotte Jonckheere, Eliane Vanhoffelen, Jonathan Cremer, Lieven Dupont, Dominique Bullens, Jeroen Vanoirbeek
RATIONALE: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is defined as acute narrowing of the airways during or immediately after exercise. EIB has a high prevalence in elite swimmers probably due to the high ventilation rate and exposure to the chlorine by-products. It is still puzzling which pathophysiological mechanisms drive EIB. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we evaluated airway hyperreactivity, permeability, integrity and inflammation in a murine ...