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Aztreonam-avibactam synergy, a validation and comparison of diagnostic tools Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Gil Verschelden, Maxim Noeparast, Laura Vandervore, Anke Stoefs, Margo Olbrecht, Eveline Van Honacker, Katleen Vandamme, Kristof Vandoorslaer, Thomas Demuyser, Denis Pierard, et al.
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem that necessitates the development of new therapeutic options. Cefiderocol and aztreonam (AT) are often the last active β-lactams for treating metallo-β-lactamases (MBL)-producing Gram-negative bacilli. In these difficult-to-treat bacterial strains, AT resistance is frequently attributed to the co-occurrence of other resistance mechanisms. In the case of β-lactamases they can often be ...

Antimicrobial Activities of Aztreonam-Avibactam and Comparator Agents against Enterobacterales Analyzed by ICU and Non-ICU Wards, Infection Sources, and Geographic Regions Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Denis Pierard, Elizabeth D Hermsen, Michal Kantecki, Francis F Arhin

Increasing antimicrobial resistance among multidrug-resistant (MDR), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), in particular metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-positive strains, has led to limited treatment options in these isolates. This study evaluated the activity of aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI) and comparator antimicrobials against Enterobacterales isolates and key resistance phenotypes stratified ...

Epidemiology of Resistance Determinants Identified in Meropenem-Nonsusceptible Enterobacterales Collected as Part of a Global Surveillance Study, 2018 to 2019 Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Mark Estabrook, Astrid Muyldermans, Daniel Sahm, Denis Pierard, Gregory G Stone, Eric Utt

The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of resistance determinants in meropenem-nonsusceptible (MEM-NS) Enterobacterales isolates collected in 2018 and 2019 as a part of the ATLAS global surveillance program. Among a total of 39,368 Enterobacterales isolates collected in 2018 and 2019, 5.7% were MEM-NS (MIC ≥2 μg/mL). Among the different regions, the proportion of MEM-NS isolates ranged from 1.9% (North America) to 8.4% ...

Nursery outbreak caused by enteroaggregative Escherichia coli serogroup O111:H21 Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Marie Tré-Hardy, Klara De Rauw, Laurent Blairon, Anne Simon, Denis Pierard

This study describes, for the first time, the occurrence of an epidemic of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) O111:H21 in a Belgian nursery and describes a practical approach concerning its management. Few data exist in the literature on this type of outbreak. Clinical and microbiological investigations were needed to find a link between the cases and identify the causative agent. The microbiological procedure followed was first based ...

Global population structure, genomic diversity and carbohydrate fermentation characteristics of clonal complex 119 (CC119), an understudied Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) lineage including O165:H25 and O172:H25 Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Keiji Nakamura, Kazuko Seto, Kenichi Lee, Tadasuke Ooka, Yasuhiro Gotoh, Itsuki Taniguchi, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Jacques Georges Mainil, Denis Pierard, Tetsuya Harada, et al.

Among Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains of various serotypes, O157:H7 and five major non-O157 STEC (O26:H11, O111:H8, O103:H2, O121:H19 and O145:H28) can be selectively isolated by using tellurite-containing media. While human infections by O165:H25 STEC strains have been reported worldwide, their detection and isolation are not easy, as they are not resistant to tellurite. Systematic whole-genome sequencing (WGS) ...

Genotypic resistance determined by whole genome sequencing versus phenotypic resistance in 234 Escherichia coli isolates Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Robin Vanstokstraeten, Denis Pierard, Florence Crombé, Deborah De Geyter, Ingrid Wybo, Astrid Muyldermans, Lucie Seyler, Ben Caljon, Toon Janssen, Thomas Demuyser, et al.

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) enables detailed characterization of bacteria at single nucleotide resolution. It provides data about acquired resistance genes and mutations leading to resistance. Although WGS is becoming an essential tool to predict resistance patterns accurately, comparing genotype to phenotype with WGS is still in its infancy. Additional data and validation are needed. In this retrospective study, we analysed 234 E. coli ...

Culturomics in Unraveling the Upper Female Reproductive Tract Microbiota Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Robin Vanstokstraeten, Thomas Demuyser, Denis Pierard, Ingrid Wybo, Christophe Blockeel, Shari Mackens
In recent years, the study of the human microbiome has surged, shedding light on potential connections between microbiome composition and various diseases. One specific area of intense interest within this research is the female reproductive tract, as it holds the potential to influence the process of embryo implantation. Advanced sequencing technologies have delivered unprecedented insights into the microbial communities, also known as ...

Molecular characterization of extraintestinal and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli blood isolates Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Robin Vanstokstraeten, Florence Crombé, Denis Pierard, Angela Castillo Moral, Ingrid Wybo, Deborah De Geyter, Toon Janssen, Ben Caljon, Thomas Demuyser

Pathogenic E. coli strains can be classified into two major groups, based on the presence of specific virulence factors: extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC). Several case reports describe that DEC can cause bloodstream infections in some rare cases. This mainly concerns a few specific sequence types that express virulence factors from both ExPEC and DEC. In this study, we retrospectively analysed 234 E. ...

Two Years of Genomic Surveillance in Belgium during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic to Attain Country-Wide Coverage and Monitor the Introduction and Spread of Emerging Variants Vrije Universiteit Brussel Universiteit Gent KU Leuven Universiteit Antwerpen Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

Lize Cuypers, Simon Dellicour, Samuel L Hong, Barney I Potter, Bruno Verhasselt, Nick Vereecke, Laurens Lambrechts, Keith Durkin, Vincent Bours, Sofieke Klamer, et al.

An adequate SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance strategy has proven to be essential for countries to obtain a thorough understanding of the variants and lineages being imported and successfully established within their borders. During 2020, genomic surveillance in Belgium was not structurally implemented but performed by individual research laboratories that had to acquire the necessary funds themselves to perform this important task. At the ...

Culturomics to investigate the Endometrial Microbiome: Proof-of-Concept Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Robin Vanstokstraeten, Shari Mackens, Ellen Callewaert, Susanne Blotwijk, Kristof Emmerechts, Florence Crombé, Oriane Soetens, Ingrid Wybo, Kristof Vandoorslaer, Laurence Evelyne Mostert, et al.
Abstract: The microbiome of the reproductive tract has been associated with (sub)fertility and it has been suggested that dysbiosis reduces success rates and pregnancy outcomes. The endome-trial microbiome is of particular interest given the potential impact on the embryo implanta-tion. To date, all endometrial microbiome studies have applied a metagenomics approach. A se-quencing-based technique, however, has its limitations, more specifically ...