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Restoration rocks: The long-term impact of rock dust application on soil, tree foliar nutrition, tree radial growth, and understory biodiversity in Norway spruce forest stands KU Leuven

Robrecht Van Der Bauwhede, Karen Vancampenhout, Bart Muys
Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) forests are experiencing severe dieback due to drought and related bark beetle infestations. These disturbances are amplified by poor tree vitality, which is linked to acidification in soils and exacerbated by atmospheric deposition. However, the large-scale deployment of rock dust as a soil-restoring amendment is hampered by uncertainties about its benefits in the long term. This study reassessed an experiment ...

Opportunities and Challenges in Cross-Country Collaboration: Insights from the Beneluxa Initiative. KU Leuven

Liese Barbier
National pricing and reimbursement agencies face growing challenges with complex health technologies, prompting European policy advancements. Beneluxa is a cross-country collaboration involving Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg, Austria, and Ireland that aims to address sustainable access to medicines. In view of the soon-to-be-implemented EU HTA Regulation, insights and experiences from stakeholders with Beneluxa cross-country collaboration ...

Ruthenium isotopes show the Chicxulub impactor was a carbonaceous-type asteroid Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Mario Fischer-Gödde, Jonas Tusch, Steven Goderis, Alessandro Bragagni, Tanja Mohr-Westheide, Nils Messling, Bo-Magnus Elfers, Birger Schmitz, Wolf Uwe Reimold, Wolfgang D Maier, et al.

An impact at Chicxulub, Mexico, occurred 66 million years ago, producing a global stratigraphic layer that marks the boundary between the Cretaceous and Paleogene eras. That layer contains elevated concentrations of platinum-group elements, including ruthenium. We measured ruthenium isotopes in samples taken from three Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary sites, five other impacts that occurred between 36 million to 470 million years ago, and ...

The impact of energy certificates on sales and rental prices: a comparative analysis Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Alesia Gerassimenko, Laurens Defau, Lieven De Moor

Purpose: The current literature on energy certificates shows that Energy Performance Certificate labels have an important effect on real estate prices. However, interestingly, the limited studies that address the rental market find significantly lower price premiums than the sales market. The purpose of this paper is to add to this literature, by doing a comparative analysis of price premiums in the sales and rental market in Flanders ...

Vocal tract dynamics shape the formant structure of conditioned vocalizations in a harbor seal Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Maria Goncharova, Yannick Jadoul, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Colleen Reichmuth, Andrea Ravignani
Formants, or resonance frequencies of the upper vocal tract, are an essential part of acoustic communication. Articulatory gestures—such as jaw, tongue, lip, and soft palate movements—shape formant structure in human vocalizations, but little is known about how nonhuman mammals use those gestures to modify formant frequencies. Here, we report a case study with an adult male harbor seal trained to produce an arbitrary vocalization composed of ...

Advanced methods for generalizing time and duration during dataset anonymization KU Leuven

Jenno Verdonck, Kevin De Boeck, Michiel Willocx, Vincent Naessens
Time is an often recurring quasi-identifying attribute in many datasets. Anonymizing such datasets requires generalizing the time attribute(s) in the dataset. Examples are start dates and durations, which are traditionally generalized leading to intervals that do not embrace the relation between time attributes. This paper presents advanced methods for creating generalization hierarchies for time data. We propose clustering-based and ...

Compromising anonymity in identity-reserved k-anonymous datasets through aggregate knowledge KU Leuven

Kevin De Boeck, Jenno Verdonck, Michiel Willocx, Jorn Lapon, Vincent Naessens
Data processors increasingly rely on external data sources to improve strategic or operational decision taking. Data owners can facilitate this by releasing datasets directly to data processors or doing so indirectly via data spaces. As data processors often have different needs and due to the sensitivity of the data, multiple anonymized versions of an original dataset are often released. However, doing so can introduce severe privacy risks. ...

Capturing the fusion of two ancestries and kinship structures in Merovingian Flanders Vrije Universiteit Brussel Universiteit Gent KU Leuven

Stefania Sasso, Lehti Saag, Rachèl Spros, Owyn Beneker, Ludovica Molinaro, Simone A. Biagini, Alexander Lehouck, Katrien Van de Vijver, Ruoyun Hui, Eugenia D'Atanasio, et al.
The Merovingian period (5th to 8th cc AD) was a time of demographic, socioeconomic, cultural, and political realignment in Western Europe. Here, we report the whole-genome shotgun sequence data of 30 human skeletal remains from a coastal Late Merovingian site of Koksijde (675 to 750 AD), alongside 18 remains from two Early to Late Medieval sites in present-day Flanders, Belgium. We find two distinct ancestries, one shared with Early Medieval ...

A designed ankyrin-repeat protein that targets Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 Vrije Universiteit Brussel Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie

Verena Dederer, Marta Sanz Murillo, Eva P Karasmanis, Kathryn S Hatch, Deep Chatterjee, Franziska Preuss, Kamal R Abdul Azeez, Landon Vu Nguyen, Christian Galicia Diaz Santana, Birgit Dreier, et al.

Leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a large multidomain protein containing two catalytic domains, a kinase and a GTPase, as well as protein interactions domains, including a WD40 domain. The association of increased LRRK2 kinase activity with both the familial and sporadic forms of Parkinson's disease has led to an intense interest in determining its cellular function. However, small molecule probes that can bind to LRRK2 and report on or ...