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Diet-related DNA adduct formation in relation to carcinogenesis Universiteit Gent

Lieselot Hemeryck, Lynn Vanhaecke
The human diet contributes significantly to the initiation and promotion of carcinogenesis. It has become clear that the human diet contains several groups of natural foodborne chemicals that are at least in part responsible for the genotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic potential of certain foodstuffs. Electrophilic chemicals are prone to attack nucleophilic sites in DNA, resulting in the formation of altered nucleobases, also known as DNA ...

Filling the gap between chemical carcinogenesis and the hallmarks of cancer: A temporal perspective Vrije Universiteit Brussel

C.A. Demetriou, D. Degli Esposti, K. Pullen Fedinick, Federica Russo, O. Robinson, P. Vineis

Background: Cancer is believed to arise through the perturbation of pathways and the order of pathway perturbation events can enhance understanding and evaluation of carcinogenicity. This order has not been examined so far, and this study aimed to fill this gap by attempting to gather evidence on the potential temporal sequence of events in carcinogenesis. Design: The methodology followed was to discuss first the temporal sequence of ...

Chemically induced aneuploidy in germ cells. Part II of the report of the 2017 IWGT workgroup on assessing the risk of aneugens for carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Francesca Pacchierotti, Kenichi Masumura, David A Eastmond, Azeddine Elhajouji, Roland Froetschl, Micheline Volders, Anthony Lynch, Maik Schuler, David Tweats, Francesco Marchetti, et al.

As part of the 7th International Workshops on Genotoxicity Testing held in Tokyo, Japan in November 2017, a workgroup of experts reviewed and assessed the risk of aneugens for human health. The present manuscript is one of three manuscripts from the workgroup and reports on the unanimous consensus reached on the evidence for aneugens affecting germ cells, their mechanisms of action and role in hereditary diseases. There are 24 chemicals with ...

FHL2 : a scaffold protein of carcinogenesis, tumour-stroma interactions and treatment response Universiteit Gent

Laurine Verset, Lynn Feys, Anne-Laure Trepant, Olivier De Wever, Pieter Demetter
Four-and-a-half LIM-domain protein 2 (FHL2) is a multifunctional scaffolding protein regulating signalling cascades and gene transcription. It shuttles between focal adhesions and the nucleus where it signals through direct interaction with a number of proteins including beta-catenin. The multiplicity of molecular pathways affected by FHL2 suggests an important role in several physiological and pathological events. The function of FHL2 in cancer ...

International Cancer Microbiome Consortium consensus statement on the role of the human microbiome in carcinogenesis Universiteit Gent

Alasdair J Scott, James L Alexander, Claire A Merrifield, David Cunningham, Christian Jobin, Robert Brown, John Alverdy, Stephen J O'Keefe, H Rex Gaskins, Julian Teare, et al.
Objective: In this consensus statement, an international panel of experts deliver their opinions on key questions regarding the contribution of the human microbiome to carcinogenesis. Design: International experts in oncology and/or microbiome research were approached by personal communication to form a panel. A structured, iterative, methodology based around a 1-day roundtable discussion was employed to derive expert consensus on key questions ...

The implications of connexin 43 deficiency during the early stages of chemically induced mouse colon carcinogenesis Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Sara Gomes Espírito Santo, Tereza Cristina da Silva, Mathieu Vinken, Bruno Cogliati, Luis Fernando Barbisan, Guilherme Ribeiro Romualdo
Colorectal cancer (CRC), associated with an increased intake of processed red meats, saturated fats, and simple carbohydrates accompanied by low dietary fiber, fruits, and vegetables consumption, presents a high epidemiological burden. Connexin43 (Cx43) protein, which forms gap junctions or hemichannels, has tumor suppressor or oncogenic activities in a cancer type- and stage dependent manner. Cx43 expression varies during colon carcinogenesis, ...

Gene promoter methylation in endometrial carcinogenesis Universiteit Gent

Karlijn M. C. Cornel, Kim Wouters, Koen Van de Vijver, Anneke A. M. van der Wurff, Manon van Engeland, Roy F. P. M. Kruitwagen, Johanna M. A. Pijnenborg
Up to 60% of untreated atypical hyperplastic endometrium will develop into endometrial carcinoma (EC), and for those who underwent a hysterectomy a coexisting EC is found in up to 50%. Gene promoter methylation might be related to the EC development. The aim of this study is to determine changes in gene promoter profiles in normal endometrium, atypical hyperplasia (AH) and EC in relation to K-Ras mutations. A retrospective study was conducted in ...

Oral Cavity Carcinogenesis Modeled in Carcinogen-Treated Mice KU Leuven

Reinhilde Jacobs
In the present study, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was induced in a mouse model with 20 µg/ml 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) solution in drinking water. 120 six-week-old male Balb/C mice were randomly divided into an experimental group (n=110) and a control group (n=10). They were sacrificed after 16 to 48 weeks of exposure to allow for histopathological and immuhistochemical examinations. Gross changes could be observed, including white ...

VHL and HIF signalling in renal cell carcinogenesis Universiteit Antwerpen

Marcella M. Baldewijns, Iris J.H. van Vlodrop, Peter Vermeulen, Patricia M.M.B. Soetekouw, Manon van Engeland, Adriaan P. de Bruine
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) plays an important role in renal tumourigenesis. In the majority of clear cell RCC (ccRCC), the most frequent and highly vascularized RCC subtype, HIF is constitutively activated by inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau gene. Of the HIF subunits, HIF-2 appears to be more oncogenic than HIF-1, in that HIF-2 activates pro-tumourigenic target genes. In addition, recent studies indicate that HIF-1, more than HIF-2, can ...