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Prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV/hepatitis B and HIV/hepatitis C co-infections among people who inject drugs in Mozambique Universiteit Gent

Cynthia Semá Baltazar, Makini Boothe, Timothy Kellogg, Paulino Ricardo, Isabel Sathane, Erika Fazito, Henry F. Raymond, Marleen Temmerman, Stanley Lüchters
BackgroundThere is scare information about HIV co-infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Mozambique. This information is critical to ensure the treatment necessary to decrease the progression of liver disease and the transmission of both HIV and hepatitis. We assess the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV co-infections as well as associated risk factors among PWID.MethodsThe ...

Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infections and their predictors at a hospital-based HIV/AIDS clinic in Uganda Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

D Nakanjako, H. Mayanja-Kizza, J Ouma, R Wanyenze, D Mwesigire, A Namale, J Ssempiira, J Senkusu, Robert Colebunders, MR Kamya, et al.
SETTING: Mulago Hospital, Uganda. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the burden of TB-HIV (tuberculosis-human immunodeficiency virus) co-infections and their predictors in an urban hospital-based HIV programme. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Clinicians screened all patients with HIV/AIDS (acquired immune-deficiency syndrome) for previous and current TB treatment at enrolment and throughout follow-up. RESULTS: Of 10 924 patients enrolled ...

Risk factors associated with severe RSV infection in infants : what is the role of viral co-infections? Universiteit Gent Universiteit Antwerpen

Kim Stobbelaar, Thomas C. Mangodt, Winke Van der Gucht, Lise Delhaise, Jasmine Andries, Valerie Gille, Cyril Barbezange, Annemieke Smet, Benedicte Y. De Winter, Jozef J. De Dooy, et al.
The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) represents the leading cause of viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. The clinical picture of an RSV infection differs substantially between patients, and the role of viral co-infections is poorly investigated. During two consecutive winter seasons from October 2018 until February 2020, we prospectively included ...

Potential impact of co-infections and co-morbidities prevalent in Africa on influenza severity and frequency: a systematic review Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

Adam L Cohen, Meredith Mcmorrow, Sibongile Walaza, Cheryl Cohen, Stefano Tempia, Marissa Alexander-Scott, Marc-Alain Widdowson

Infectious diseases and underlying medical conditions common to Africa may affect influenza frequency and severity. We conducted a systematic review of published studies on influenza and the following co-infections or co-morbidities that are prevalent in Africa: dengue, malaria, measles, meningococcus, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), hemoglobinopathies, and malnutrition. Articles were identified except for influenza and PCP. Very few ...

The effect of sexually transmitted co-infections on HIV viral load amongst individuals on antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis Universiteit Gent

David Champredon, Steven E Bellan, Wim Delva, Spencer Hunt, Chyun-Fung Shi, Marek Smieja, Jonathan Dushoff
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) markedly reduces HIV transmission, and testing and treatment programs have been advocated as a method for decreasing transmission at the population level. Little is known, however, about the extent to which sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which increase the HIV infectiousness of untreated individuals, may decrease the effectiveness of treatment as prevention. Methods: We searched major ...

The role of co-infections in M. hyopneumoniae outbreaks among heavy fattening pigs : a field study Universiteit Gent

Matteo Tonni, Nicoletta Formenti, M. Beatrice Boniotti, Flavia Guarneri, Federico Scali, Claudia Romeo, Paolo Pasquali, Maria Pieters, Dominiek Maes, Giovanni L. Alborali, et al.
Little is known about how co-infections and genotype dynamics affect Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in fattening pigs. This study was aimed at assessing the role of co-infections in M. hyopneumoniae outbreaks, their influence on the presence of M. hyopneumoniae genotypes and their impact on consequent lung lesions. Tracheobronchial swabs (TBS) from 300 finishers were collected from 10 farms at the onset of enzootic pneumonia outbreaks and 1 ...

Co-infections by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyorhinis and Mycoplasma flocculare in macroscopic lesions of lung consolidation of pigs at slaughter Universiteit Gent

Marcela Manduca Ferreira, Marina Lopes Mechler-Dreibi, Karina Sonalio, Henrique Meiroz de Souza Almeida, Maria Eugenia Silveira Ferraz, Ana Paula Prudente Jacintho, Dominiek Maes, Luis Guilherme de Oliveira
Infections with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhyo), Mycoplasma hyorhinis (Mhr) and Mycoplasma flocculare (Mfloc) are common in swine. However, the degree of co-infections and the correlations between these mycoplasma co-infection and the severity of macroscopic lung consolidation lesions (MLCL) have not yet been explored in Brazil.The objectives were to quantify Mhyo, Mhr, and Mfloc in MLCL of slaughter pigs in Brazil, and to assess correlations ...

Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infections and their predictors at a hospital-based HIV/AIDS clinic in Uganda Universiteit Antwerpen

D. Nakanjako, H. Mayanja-Kizza, J. Ouma, R. Wanyenze, D. Mwesigire, A. Namale, J. Ssempiira, J. Senkusu, Robert Colebunders, M.R. Kamya, et al.
SETTING: Mulago Hospital, Uganda. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the burden of TB-HIV (tuberculosis-human immunodeficiency virus) co-infections and their predictors in an urban hospital-based HIV programme. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. METHODS: Clinicians screened all patients with HIV/AIDS (acquired immune-deficiency syndrome) for previous and current TB treatment at enrolment and throughout follow-up. RESULTS: Of 10 924 patients enrolled ...

Blood Mucorales PCR to track down Aspergillus and Mucorales co-infections in at-risk hematology patients: A case-control study KU Leuven

Katrien Lagrou, Johan Maertens
INTRODUCTION: Serum Mucorales PCR can precede the final diagnosis of invasive mucormycosis by several days or weeks and could therefore be useful as a non-invasive screening tool. METHODS: We assessed the performance of a commercial Mucorales PCR assay (MucorGenius®, PathoNostics, Maastricht, The Netherlands) on prospectively collected banked sera from hematology patients at risk for invasive mould infections. We evaluated if there is an ...

A novel hantavirus of the European mole, Bruges virus, is involved in frequent Nova virus co-infections KU Leuven

Lies Laenen, Valentijn Vergote, Liana Kafetzopoulou, Tony Wawina, Ward Deboutte, Marc Van Ranst, Piet Maes
Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses with a complex evolutionary history of virus-host coevolution and cross-species transmission. While hantaviruses have a broad reservoir host range, virus-host relationships were previously thought to be strict, with a single virus species infecting a single host species. Here, we describe Bruges virus, a novel hantavirus harbored by the European mole (Talpa europaea), which is the well-known host of Nova virus. ...