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Buffer substitution in malaria rapid diagnostic tests causes false-positive results Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

Philippe Gillet, Marcella Mori, Jozef Van den Ende, Jan Jacobs
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are kits that generally include 20 to 25 test strips or cassettes, but only a single buffer vial. In field settings, laboratory staff occasionally uses saline, distilled water (liquids for parenteral drugs dilution) or tap water as substitutes for the RDT kit's buffer to compensate for the loss of a diluent bottle. The present study assessed the effect of buffer substitution on the RDT ...

Characterisation of false-positive observations in botanical surveys Plantentuin Meise / Agentschap Plantentuin Meise

Quentin Groom, Sarah Whild
Errors in botanical surveying are a common problem. The presence of a species is easily overlooked, leading to false-absences; while misidentifications and other mistakes lead to false-positive observations. While it is common knowledge that these errors occur, there are few data that can be used to quantify and describe these errors. Here we characterise false-positive errors for a controlled set of surveys conducted as part of a field ...

False-positive results in mammographic screening for breast cancer in Europe: a literature review and survey of service screening programmes Universiteit Antwerpen

Solveig Hofvind, Antonio Ponti, Julietta Patnick, et al.
Objective To estimate the cumulative risk of a false-positive screening result in European mammographic screening programmes, and examine the rates and procedures of further assessment. Methods A literature review was conducted to identify studies of the cumulative risk of a false-positive result in European screening programmes (390,000 women). We then examined aggregate data, cross-sectional information about further assessment procedures ...

Breast cancer risk is increased in the years following false-positive breast cancer screening Vrije Universiteit Brussel Universiteit Gent KU Leuven

Mathijs Goossens, Isabel De Brabander, Jacques De Grève, Evelien Vaes, Chantal Van Ongeval, Koen Van Herck, Eliane Kellen

A small number of studies have investigated breast cancer (BC) risk among women with a history of false-positive recall (FPR) in BC screening, but none of them has used time-to-event analysis while at the same time quantifying the effect of false-negative diagnostic assessment (FNDA). FNDA occurs when screening detects BC, but this BC is missed on diagnostic assessment (DA). As a result of FNDA, screenings that detected cancer are incorrectly ...

Prevalence and drivers of false-positive rifampicin-resistant Xpert MTB/RIF results: a prospective observational study in Rwanda Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde Universiteit Antwerpen

Jean Claude Semuto Ngabonziza, Tom Decroo, Patrick Migambi, Yves Mucyo Habimana, Armand Van Deun, Conor J. Meehan, Gabriela Torrea, Faridath Massou, Willem Bram de Rijk, Bertin Ushizimpumu, et al.

Background The Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay is used globally to rapidly diagnose tuberculosis and resistance to rifampicin. We investigated the frequency and predictors of false-positive findings of rifampicin resistance with Xpert.

Methods We did a prospective, observational study of individuals who were enrolled in a Rwandan nationwide diagnostic cohort study (DIAMA trial; NCT03303963). We included patients identified to have ...

Plasmalyte® : no longer a culprit in causing false-positive galactomannan test results KU Leuven

Isabel Spriet, Katrien Lagrou, Johan Maertens, Ludo Willems, Alexander Wilmer, Joost Wauters
False-positive galactomannan results have been reported, amongst others, in patients treated with gluconate containing solutions, such as Plasmalyte®. GM optical density index was tested on 33 distinct batches of Plasmalyte® and found to be negative in all, confirming that Plasmalyte® is no longer a cause of false-positive galactomannan results.

The effect of unfractionated heparin, enoxaparin, and danaparoid on lupus anticoagulant testing : can activated carbon eliminate false-positive results? Universiteit Gent

Pieter De Kesel, Katrien Devreese
Background Heparins and heparinoids interfere with functional clotting assays used for lupus anticoagulant (LAC) detection. However, current guidelines for LAC testing do not provide clear guidance on this matter. Objectives We aimed to assess to effect of unfractionated heparin (UFH), enoxaparin, and danaparoid on LAC assays over broad anti-Xa activity ranges and to evaluate whether activated carbon (AC) is able to neutralize these effects. ...

'False-positive' self-reported psychotic experiences in the general population: an investigation of outcome, predictive factors and clinical relevance KU Leuven

Yori van der Steen, Inez Germeys, Ruud van Winkel
AIMS.: Self-reported psychotic experiences (SRPE) by individuals from the general population are often unconfirmed by clinical interview and referred to as 'false-positive' (FP) SRPE. FP SRPE have been suggested to represent the mildest form of risk along the extended psychosis continuum. However, little is known about their (clinical) outcome and evolution over time. Aims of this study were to prospectively examine, in individuals with FP SRPE, ...

How does under-reporting of negative and inconclusive results affect the false-positive rate in meta-analysis? A simulation study Universiteit Hasselt

Michal KICINSKI
Objective: To investigate the impact of a higher publishing probability for statistically significant positive outcomes on the false-positive rate in metaanalysis. Design: Meta-analyses of different sizes (N=10, N=20, N=50 and N=100), levels of heterogeneity and levels of publication bias were simulated. Primary and secondary outcome measures: The type I error rate for the test of the mean effect size (ie, the rate at which the meta-analyses ...

False-positive rifampicin resistance on Xpert (R) MTB/RIF: case report and clinical implications Universiteit Antwerpen

Annelies Van Rie, K. Mellet, M-A. John, L. Scott, L. Page-Shipp, H. Dansey, T. Victor, R. Warren
The World Health Organization had endorsed Xpert (R) MTB/RIF (Xpert) as the initial diagnostic for multi-drugresistant tuberculosis (TB) or TB suspects co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. We investigated an unexpected case of rifampicin (RMP) resistance on Xpert using repeat Xpert, smear microscopy, MTBDRplus assay, culture, drug susceptibility testing, spoligotyping and rpoB gene sequencing. A false-positive result was most ...