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Deltamethrin and permethrin residue on long-lasting insecticidal nets after 18 months of use in a visceral leishmaniasis-endemic area in Nepal Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
The insecticide residue on two types of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN), Olyset Net and PermaNet 2.0, used in a visceral leishmaniasis-endemic village in eastern Nepal was quantified using HPLC. After two washes during 18 months of use the mean insecticide residues on PermaNet 2.0 and Olyset Net were 53.5mg/m(2) (97.3% of the target dose) of deltamethrin and 911.8mg/m(2) (91.2% of the target dose) of permethrin, respectively. These ...
An application of Bayesian growth mixture modelling to estimate infection incidences from repeated serological tests Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
Vector control interventions for visceral leishmaniasis elimination initiative in South Asia, 2005-2010 Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
The Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) Elimination Initiative in the Indian subcontinent was launched in 2005 as a joint effort between the governments in the Region (India, Nepal and Bangladesh) and the World Health Organization (WHO). The objective is to reduce the annual VL incidence below 1/10,000 inhabitants by 2015 based on detection and treatment of VL cases and vector control. We present here a review of studies published in the period ...
Report of the fourteenth WHOPES Working Group meeting: WHO/HQ, Geneva, 11-15 April 2011: review of Spinosadr EC, Lifenetr LN, MagnetTM LN, Royal Sentryr LN, Yaher LN Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
Reductions in malaria and anaemia case and death burden at hospitals following scale-up of malaria control in Zanzibar, 1999-2008 Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
BACKGROUND: In Zanzibar, the Ministry of Health and partners accelerated malaria control from September 2003 onwards. The impact of the scale-up of insecticide-treated nets (ITN), indoor-residual spraying (IRS) and artemisinin-combination therapy (ACT) combined on malaria burden was assessed at six out of seven in-patient health facilities. METHODS: Numbers of outpatient and inpatient cases and deaths were compared between 2008 and the ...
Multiple insecticide resistance: an impediment to insecticide-based malaria vector control program Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
BACKGROUND: Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS), insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are key components in malaria prevention and control strategy. However, the development of resistance by mosquitoes to insecticides recommended for IRS and/or ITNs/LLINs would affect insecticide-based malaria vector control. We assessed the susceptibility levels of Anopheles arabiensis to insecticides used in malaria control, ...
The importance of considering community-level effects when selecting insecticidal malaria vector control products Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
BACKGROUND: Insecticide treatment of nets, curtains or walls and ceilings of houses represent the primary means for malaria prevention worldwide. Direct personal protection of individuals and households arises from deterrent and insecticidal activities which divert or kill mosquitoes before they can feed. However, at high coverage, community-level reductions of mosquito density and survival prevent more transmission exposure than the personal ...
Serological markers of sand fly exposure to evaluate insecticidal nets against visceral leishmaniasis in India and Nepal: a cluster-randomized trial Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
BACKGROUND: Visceral leishmaniasis is the world' second largest vector-borne parasitic killer and a neglected tropical disease, prevalent in poor communities. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LNs) are a low cost proven vector intervention method for malaria control; however, their effectiveness against visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is unknown. This study quantified the effect of LNs on exposure to the sand fly vector of VL in India and Nepal during ...