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Electron bifurcation mechanism and homoacetogenesis explain products yields in mixed culture anaerobic fermentations Universiteit Gent
Anaerobic fermentation of organic wastes using microbial mixed cultures is a promising avenue to treat residues and obtain added-value products. However, the process has some important limitations that prevented so far any industrial application. One of the main issues is that we are not able to predict reliably the product spectrum (i.e. the stoichiometry of the process) because the complex microbial community behaviour is not completely ...
Mechanistic insights in HokB-mediated persister formation and awakening KU Leuven
When a bacterial population is treated with high concentrations of antibiotics, there is always a small subpopulation of cells that will survive the treatment. These so-called persister cells are temporarily in an antibiotic-tolerant state, which can be based on several phenotypic changes such as a decreased antibiotic uptake, an increased repair machinery, metabolic inactivity,… Upon persister state exit, which is also called 'awakening', the ...
Safety evaluation of the food enzyme glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger (strain ZGL) Instituut voor Landbouw-, Visserij- en Voedingsonderzoek
The food enzyme glucose oxidase (β-d-glucose:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase; EC 1.1.3.4) is produced with a genetically modified Aspergillus niger strain ZGL by DSM Food Specialties B.V. The genetic modifications do not give rise to safety concerns. The food enzyme is free from viable cells of the production organism and recombinant DNA. The glucose oxidase is intended to be used in baking processes. Based on the maximum use levels, dietary exposure to ...
Generation of persister cells of pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus by chemical treatment and evaluation of their susceptibility to membrane-targeting agents Universiteit Gent
Persister cells (PCs) are a subset of dormant, phenotypic variants of regular bacteria, highly tolerant to antibiotics. Generation of PCs in vivo may account for the recalcitrance of most chronic infections to antimicrobial treatment and demands for the identification of new antimicrobial agents able to target such cells. The present study explored the possibility to obtain in vitro PCs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus at high ...
Dissecting the Machinery That Introduces Disulfide Bonds in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Disulfide bond formation is required for the folding of many bacterial virulence factors. However, whereas the Escherichia coli disulfide bond-forming system is well characterized, not much is known on the pathways that oxidatively fold proteins in pathogenic bacteria. Here, we report the detailed unraveling of the pathway that introduces disulfide bonds in the periplasm of the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The genome of P. aeruginosa ...
Redox Homeostasis Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Multiple factors, including small sulfur-containing molecules and oxidoreductases, are involved in the control of intracellular redox homeostasis. In this chapter, we first review properties and functions of the small sulfur-containing molecules glutathione, mycothiol, bacillithiol and trypanothione. These low molecular weight thiols, which cycle between a reduced and oxidized form, are present at high intracellular concentrations and function ...
Complex III staining in blue native polyacrylamide gels. Vrije Universiteit Brussel
For more than a decade now blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) has been used for the study of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes. Catalytic activities of complexes I, II, IV and V can be assessed, after separation by gel electroforesis, by incubation of the BN-PAGE gel in specific staining solutions. However, until now, a reliable staining method for testing ubiquinol cytochrome c oxidoreductase (complex III) ...
Selectivity and molecular stress responses to classical and botanical acaricides in the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Universiteit Gent
BACKGROUND Acaricide application remains an integral component of integrated pest management (IPM) for the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Species and strains of phytoseiid predatory mites vary significantly in their response to acaricides. For the success of IPM, it is imperative to identify the determinants of selectivity and molecular stress responses of acaricides in predatory mites. RESULTS The three classical acaricides ...
A H258Y mutation in subunit B of the succinate dehydrogenase complex of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae confers resistance to cyenopyrafen and pyflubumide, but likely reinforces cyflumetofen binding and toxicity Universiteit Gent
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibitors such as cyflumetofen, cyenopyrafen and pyflubumide, are selective acaricides that control plant-feeding spider mite pests. Resistance development to SDH inhibitors has been investigated in a limited number of populations of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae and is associated with cytochrome P450 based detoxification and target-site mutations such as I260 T/V in subunit B and S56L in subunit C of SDH. ...