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Advanced Multibody Modelling of Gears for System-Level Dynamics of Mechanical Transmissions - Development and Experimental Validation of Transmission Error and Root Strain KU Leuven

Antonio Palermo
This PhD dissertation focuses on the development and experimental validation of a multibody element to reach efficient system-level dynamic simulations for geared power transmissions, having three-dimensional gear contact detail. The multibody element is built on a proposed methodology which is capable of accounting for detailed gear contact in system-level dynamics, such that the gears are coupled to the supporting structural elements and are ...

Understanding sexual transmission dynamics and transmission contexts of monkeypox virus : a mixed-methods study of the early outbreak in Belgium (May-June 2022) Universiteit Gent Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

Jef Vanhamel, Valeska Laisnez, Laurens Liesenborghs, Isabel Brosius, Nicole Berens-Riha, Thibaut Vanbaelen, Chris Kenyon, Koen Vercauteren, Marie Laga, Naima Hammami, et al.
ObjectiveThe available epidemiological and clinical evidence from the currently ongoing monkeypox (MPX) outbreak in non-endemic areas suggests an important factor of sexual transmission. However, limited information on the behaviour and experiences of individuals with an MPX infection has to date been provided. We aimed to describe the initial phase of the MPX outbreak in Belgium, and to provide a more in-depth description of sexual behaviour ...

Exploring HIV-1 transmission dynamics by combining phylogenetic analysis and infection timing Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde Universiteit Gent KU Leuven Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Chris Verhofstede, Virginie Mortier, Kenny Dauwe, Steven Callens, Jessika Deblonde, Geraldine Dessilly, Marie-Luce Delforge, Catharina Fransen, Andre Sasse, Karolien Stoffels, et al.

HIV-1 pol sequences obtained through baseline drug resistance testing of patients newly diagnosed between 2013 and 2017 were analyzed for genetic similarity. For 927 patients the information on genetic similarity was combined with demographic data and with information on the recency of infection. Overall, 48.3% of the patients were genetically linked with 11.4% belonging to a pair and 36.9% involved in a cluster of >= 3 members. The ...

Complexities in using sentinel pigs to study Taenia solium transmission dynamics under field conditions Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

B. Devleesschauwer, A. Aryal, J. Tharmalingam, D.D. Joshi, Suman Rijal, Niko Speybroeck, Sarah Gabriël, B. Victor, Pierre Dorny
The transmission dynamics of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, remain a matter of research and debate. In a longitudinal field study performed in southeastern Nepal, 18 sentinel pigs were serologically monitored to study the field kinetics of Taenia antigens and anti-T. solium antibodies. At the end of the twelve months' study period, necropsy was performed and suspected lesions were subjected to molecular identification of the Taenia species. ...

The way of water : unravelling White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) transmission dynamics in Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp Universiteit Gent

Natasja Cox, Evelien De Swaef, Mathias Corteel, Wim Van Den Broeck, Peter Bossier, João José Pereira Dantas Da Rocha Lima, Hans Nauwynck
White spot disease (WSD) is a severe viral threat to the global shrimp aquaculture industry. However, little is known about white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) transmission dynamics. Our aim was to elucidate this in Litopenaeus vannamei using peroral in vivo WSSV challenge experiments. We demonstrated that WSD progression was rapid and irreversible, leading to death within 78 h. Viral DNA shedding was detected within 6 h of disease onset. This ...

Transmission dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pigs Universiteit Gent

Florence Crombé, M Angeles Argudin, Wannes Vanderhaeghen, Katleen Hermans, Freddy Haesebrouck, Patrick Butaye
From the mid-2000s on, numerous studies have shown that methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), renowned as human pathogen, has a reservoir in pigs and other livestock. In Europe and North America, clonal complex (CC) 398 appears to be the predominant lineage involved. Especially worrisome is its capacity to contaminate humans in close contact with affected animals. Indeed, the typical multi-resistant phenotype of MRSA CC398 and its ...

Evolutionary dynamics and complicated genetic transmission network patterns of HIV-1 CRF01_AE among MSM in Shanghai, China Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde

Xiaoshan Li, Yile Xue, Yi Lin, Jing Gai, Lei Zhang, Hua Cheng, Zhen Ning, Leiming Zhou, Kexin Zhu, Guido Vanham, et al.

To explore the evolutionary dynamics and molecular transmission patterns of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in depth among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Shanghai, we constructed phylogenetic tree and genetic transmission networks based on 1, 152 pol sequences from MSM, 282 from other risk groups and 795 references. Phylogenetic analyses identified two distinct major CRF01_AE lineages and a Shanghai-based sub-lineage. The estimated tMRCAs for lineage 1 ...