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Experimental models in psychopathology research: The relation between Research Domain Criteria and Experimental Psychopathology KU Leuven

Silvia Papalini, Bram Vervliet
Experimental Psychopathology (EPP) and the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) are research approaches that have developed in parallel, providing inter-related yet different scientific frameworks to investigate psychopathology at the intersection of fundamental and applied research. Here we address the overlap and differences between RDoC and EPP, and the challenges that both approaches face. Although overlap between EPP and RDoC can be clearly ...

Creativity and psychopathology Vrije Universiteit Brussel KU Leuven Universiteit Antwerpen

Erik Thys, Bernard Sabbe, Marc De Hert

BACKGROUND: The possible link between creativity and psychopathology has been a long-time focus of research up to the present day. However, the research results in this field are heterogeneous and contradictory. Links between creativity and specific psychiatric disorders have been confirmed and refuted in different studies. This disparity is partly explained by the methodological challenges peculiar to this field.

METHODS: In this ...

Early warning signals in psychopathology : what do they tell? Universiteit Gent Universiteit Antwerpen KU Leuven

Marieke J. Schreuder, Catharina A. Hartman, Sandip V. George, Claudia Menne-Lothmann, Jeroen Decoster, Ruud van Winkel, Philippe Delespaul, Marc De Hert, Catherine Derom, Evert Thiery, et al.
Background Despite the increasing understanding of factors that might underlie psychiatric disorders, prospectively detecting shifts from a healthy towards a symptomatic state has remained unattainable. A complex systems perspective on psychopathology implies that such symptom shifts may be foreseen by generic indicators of instability, or early warning signals (EWS). EWS include, for instance, increasing variability, covariance, and ...

Differentiation between defensive personality functioning and psychopathology as measured by the DSQ-42 and MMPI-2-RF Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Louis De Page, P. van der Heijden, Mercedes De Weerdt, J.I.M. Egger, Gina Rossi

Defensive functioning is considered one of the core aspects of personality functioning and its maturity level is regarded an important predictor of psychopathology and more specific personality pathology. The current investigation assesses the relation between overall defensive functioning, as measured by the Defense Style Questionnaire-42 (DSQ-42), and higher order models of psychopathology as measured by the Minnesota Multiphasic ...

Lifestyle, coping, and psychopathology symptoms in general population adolescents KU Leuven

Noëmi Hagemann
Adolescence is a critical period for the onset of various psychopathologies, such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis. Yet, the underlying mechanisms in its onset still remain to be fully understood. The aim of this longitudinal cohort study is to unravel the role of physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep in the onset of psychopathology in adolescents. In the general population, physical activity and sleep reduce stress symptoms, ...

General personality and psychopathology in referred and non-referred children and adolescents: an investigation of continuity, pathoplasty, and complication models Universiteit Gent

Marleen De Bolle, Wim Beyers, Barbara De Clercq, Filip De Fruyt
This study investigated the continuity, pathoplasty, and complication models as plausible explanations for personality-psychopathology relations in a combined sample of community (n = 571) and referred (n = 146) children and adolescents. Multivariate structural equation modeling was used to examine the structural relations between latent personality and psychopathology change across a 2-year period. Item response theory models were fitted as an ...

Measuring predictors of psychopathology in Italian adolescents : forgiveness, avoidance and revenge Universiteit Gent

Barbara Barcaccia, Salvatore Ioverno, Marco Salvati, Oleg N. Medvedev, Susanna Pallini, Giovanni Maria Vecchio
The 18-item Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations Inventory (TRIM-18) is a three-dimensional measure of contextual forgiveness widely used in contexts of psychopathology. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the TRIM-18 in Italian adolescents. In study 1 and 2 we examined the internal validity of the scale using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in a sample of 724 students (females = 67.8%; M-age = 16.26, ...

On the challenges of cognitive psychopathology research and possible ways forward : arguments for a pragmatic cognitive approach Universiteit Gent

Jan De Houwer
Cognitive psychology had a profound impact on psychopathology research. Nevertheless, the fact that cognition cannot be observed or manipulated directly complicates debates about the nature of the mental mechanisms that mediate psychopathology. This is less troublesome for psychopathology researchers who adopt an explicitly pragmatic approach that aims to use cognitive theories as tools for improving psychotherapy than for psychopathology ...

Reasons to remember : a functionalist view on the relation between memory and psychopathology Universiteit Gent KU Leuven

Lauranne Vanaken, Yannick Boddez, Patricia Bijttebier, Dirk Hermans
Memory is under investigation as one of the core mechanisms of psychopathology. The traditional cognitive view of memory as a stable structure with a range of set characteristics can be complemented with a perspective that considers remembering as a behaviour that varies fluidly across contexts. Remembering may serve adaptation to the environment by fulfilling a directive function, a self-function and a social function. A failure to fulfil these ...

The goal-directed model as an alternative to reductionist and network approaches of psychopathology Universiteit Gent KU Leuven

Agnes Moors, Yannick Boddez
As an alternative to biological reductionist and network approaches to psychopathology, we propose a nonreductionist mental-mechanistic approach. To illustrate this approach, we work out the implications of the goal-directed framework of Moors et al., which has the potential to explain the heterogeneous manifestations of psychopathology with a restricted set of broad theoretical principles.