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Banana seed genetic resources for food security: status, constraints, and future priorities

Journal Contribution - Journal Article

Storing seed collections of crop wild relatives, wild plant taxa genetically related to crops, is an essential component in global food security. Seed banking protects genetic resources from degradation and extinction, and provides material for use by breeders. Despite being amongst the most important crops in the world, banana and plantain crop wild relatives are largely under-represented in gene banks. Nevertheless, banana crop wild relative seed collections are in fact held in different countries, but these have not previously been part of reporting or analysis. To fill these gaps, we firstly collated data from 13 institutions in 10 countries. These included 537 accessions containing an estimated 430,000 seeds of 56 species. We reviewed their taxonomic coverage and seed storage conditions including viability estimates. We found that seed accessions have low viability (25% mean) representing problems in seed storage and processing. Secondly, we surveyed 22 institutions involved in banana genetic resource conservation regarding key constraints and knowledge gaps that institutions face related to banana seed conservation. Major constraints were identified including finding suitable material and populations to collect seeds from, lack of knowledge regarding optimal storage conditions and germination conditions. Thirdly, we carried out a conservation prioritization and gap analysis of Musaceae taxa, using established methods, to index representativeness. Overall, our conservation assessment showed that despite this extended data set banana crop wild relatives are inadequately conserved, with 51% of taxa not represented in seed collections at all; the average conservation assessment showing high priority for conservation according to the index. Finally, we provide recommendations for future collecting, research and management, to conserve banana and plantain crop wild relatives in seed banks for future generations
Journal: Food And Energy Security
ISSN: 2048-3694
Issue: 1
Volume: 11
Publication year:2022
BOF-keylabel:yes
IOF-keylabel:yes
BOF-publication weight:6
CSS-citation score:1
Authors:International
Authors from:Government, Private, Higher Education
Accessibility:Open