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Project
Short-Term Demand Response in Electricity Generation Planning and Scheduling - Facilitating Wind Power Integration
The integration of renewable energy sources and the development of a smart electricity network can be considered as the key elements in the transition that the electric power sector currently faces. This thesis contributes to modeling electricity generation, by simultaneously considering both developments in long-term investment planning and short-term generation scheduling.
Different methodologies are suggested, allowing the integration of short-term demand response programs in existing electricity generation models, as well as dynamic pricing incentivizing consumers to adjust their electricity consumption levels in response to electricity prices.
Model results suggest that in long-term generation planning as well as in short-term scheduling, demand-side participation can increase net market surplus by reducing load when marginal benefits of consumption are less than marginal costs, and by increasing consumption when the reverse is the case. The integration of short-term demandresponse decreases peaks in electricity demand. Demand response also creates valley filling effects, lessening over-generation problems during night or high wind generation periods. Consequently, demand response facilitates the integration of variable wind power generation.
Long-term investment planning model results suggest that an efficient generation technology mix can be composed of a larger share of base load generation and lower investments are required in peaking generation capacity. Peak reduction and valley filling effects also impact short-term generation scheduling. More expensive peak power generation output is reduced in favor of power generation using less expensive coal-fired or nuclear power plants. Increasing flexibility at the demand-side reduces notonly variable generation costs, but also start-up costs. Additionally price variation is reduced and the integration of wind power generation can be improved resulting in reduced levels of wind power curtailment.
Price-responsive consumers result in a more efficient use of available transmission capacity. As long as the interconnection capacity between different regions is not fully used, consumers have the incentive to adjust consumption levels and import electricity from a low price region. Consequently, real-time price signals in a system with limited interconnection capacity increase welfare by a higher use of the available capacity.
Finally, a responsive demand-side proves to be efficient indealing with the uncertainty of real-time wind power injections. Even large wind power forecast errors can be dealt with by using demand-side flexibility. Consequently, the operational cost increase caused by wind power uncertainty can be lowered through price-responsive consumers adjusting their electricity demand levels.
Different methodologies are suggested, allowing the integration of short-term demand response programs in existing electricity generation models, as well as dynamic pricing incentivizing consumers to adjust their electricity consumption levels in response to electricity prices.
Model results suggest that in long-term generation planning as well as in short-term scheduling, demand-side participation can increase net market surplus by reducing load when marginal benefits of consumption are less than marginal costs, and by increasing consumption when the reverse is the case. The integration of short-term demandresponse decreases peaks in electricity demand. Demand response also creates valley filling effects, lessening over-generation problems during night or high wind generation periods. Consequently, demand response facilitates the integration of variable wind power generation.
Long-term investment planning model results suggest that an efficient generation technology mix can be composed of a larger share of base load generation and lower investments are required in peaking generation capacity. Peak reduction and valley filling effects also impact short-term generation scheduling. More expensive peak power generation output is reduced in favor of power generation using less expensive coal-fired or nuclear power plants. Increasing flexibility at the demand-side reduces notonly variable generation costs, but also start-up costs. Additionally price variation is reduced and the integration of wind power generation can be improved resulting in reduced levels of wind power curtailment.
Price-responsive consumers result in a more efficient use of available transmission capacity. As long as the interconnection capacity between different regions is not fully used, consumers have the incentive to adjust consumption levels and import electricity from a low price region. Consequently, real-time price signals in a system with limited interconnection capacity increase welfare by a higher use of the available capacity.
Finally, a responsive demand-side proves to be efficient indealing with the uncertainty of real-time wind power injections. Even large wind power forecast errors can be dealt with by using demand-side flexibility. Consequently, the operational cost increase caused by wind power uncertainty can be lowered through price-responsive consumers adjusting their electricity demand levels.
Date:10 Jan 2008 → 15 Dec 2011
Keywords:Energiemarkten
Disciplines:Mechanics, Mechatronics and robotics, Modelling, Multimedia processing
Project type:PhD project