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Sexual Selection

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Sexually antagonistic selection during parental care is not generated by a testosterone-related intralocus sexual conflictinsights from full-sib comparisons University of Antwerp

The evolution of shared male and female traits can be hampered if selection favours sex-specific optima. However, such genomic conflicts can be resolved when independent male and female mechanisms evolve. The existence, extent and consequences of conflict and/or conflict resolution are currently debated. Endocrinological traits like plasma testosterone (T) are suitable test cases, given their important role in mediating correlated traits, plus ...

Sexual selection and proteinaceous diversity in the femoral gland secretions of lacertid lizards Ghent University University of Antwerp

Marco Mangiacotti, Simon Baeckens, Marco Fumagalli, José Martín, Stefano Scali, Roberto Sacchi

Sexual selection contributes to the diversity of chemical signals in various animal groups. Lizards are good model species to study how sexual selection shapes signal diversity, as they are a chemically oriented taxonomic group with different levels of social interactions. Many lizard species bear epidermal glands secreting a waxy mixture of lipids and proteins, which are used in intraspecific communication. Previous among-species comparative ...

Selection for costly sexual traits results in a vacant mating niche and male dimorphism Ghent University

Frederik Hendrickx, Bram Vanthournout, Michael Taborsky

The expected strong directional selection for traits that increase a male's mating ability conflicts with the frequent observation that within species, males may show extreme variation in sexual traits. These male reproductive polymorphisms are usually attributed to direct male-male competition. It is currently unclear, however, how directional selection for sexually selected traits may convert into disruptive selection, and if female preference ...

Sexual selection drives sex difference in adult life expectancy across mammals and birds Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp

Johanna Staerk, Dalia A. Conde, Morgane Tidière, Jean-François Lemaître, András Liker, Balázs Vági, Samuel Pavard, Mathieu Giraudeau, Simeon Q. Smeele, Orsolya Vincze, et al.

Across human cultures and historical periods, women, on average, live longer than men, a pattern best understood from a comparative evolutionary perspective. Here, we analyzed adult life expectancy in 528 mammal and 648 bird species in zoos. Like humans, 72% of mammals exhibited a female life expectancy advantage, while 68% of birds showed a male advantage, as expected from the harmful effects of sex chromosomes described by the heterogametic ...

Darwin, Sexual Selection, and the Origins of Music Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Andrea Ravignani

Humans devote ample time to produce and perceive music. How and why this behavioral propensity originated in our species is unknown. For centuries, speculation dominated the study of the evolutionary origins of musicality. Following Darwin's early intuitions, recent empirical research is opening a new chapter to tackle this mystery.

Multivariate sexual selection on performance-related traits in scrambling and territorial damselflies ,, KU Leuven

Hajnalka Gyulavári

Sexual selection is a powerful force directing evolution which can vary in strength (strong or weak), direction (positive or negative) and form (linear or nonlinear). Despite the many studies on sexual selection, three aspects remain understudied, yet very relevant to fully understand sexual selection on the traits of a given species. (1) While most of the studies on sexual selection focused on a single or few phenotypic traits, a minority of ...

Multivariate sexual selection on performance-related traits in scrambling and territorial damselflies KU Leuven

Hajnalka Gyulavári

Integrating large-scale geographic patterns in flight morphology, flight characteristics and sexual selection in a range-expanding damselfly KU Leuven Ghent University

Sharon Schillewaert, Robby Stoks

© 2014 The Authors. While geographic trait variation along environmental clines is widespread, associated patterns in sexual selection remain largely unexplored. Geographic patterns in sexual selection may be expected if 1) phenotypes vary geographically and sexual selection is dependent on the local phenotypes in the population, and if 2) sexual selection is influenced by geographically structured environmental conditions. We quantified ...

Experimental evolution supports signatures of sexual selection in genomic divergence Vrije Universiteit Brussel

R. Axel W. Wiberg, Paris Veltsos, Rhonda R. Snook, Michael G. Ritchie

Comparative genomics has contributed to the growing evidence that sexual selection is an important component of evolutionary divergence and speciation. Divergence by sexual selection is implicated in faster rates of divergence of the X chromosome and of genes thought to underlie sexually selected traits, including genes that are sex biased in expression. However, accurately inferring the relative importance of complex and interacting forms of ...

Experimental sexual selection reveals rapid evolutionary divergence in sex-specific transcriptomes and their interactions following mating. Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Paris Veltsos, Don Porcelli, Andrew R. Cossins, Michael G. Ritchie, Rhonda R. Snook

Post copulatory interactions between the sexes in internally fertilizing species elicits both sexual conflict and sexual selection. Macroevolutionary and comparative studies have linked these processes to rapid transcriptomic evolution in sex-specific tissues and substantial transcriptomic post mating responses in females, patterns of which are altered when mating between reproductively isolated species. Here, we tested multiple predictions ...

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