Investigation of the May 2024 solar storm through EUHFORIA/Gorgon-Space simulations and global SuperDARN observations

Korte inhoud:This paper offers an in-depth analysis of the May 10-11, 2024 solar storm’s time evolution. It integrates the EUHFORIA (European Heliospheric Forecasting Information Asset) and Gorgon-Space models to explore the effects on Earth’s magnetosphere, including its state and reactions, ionospheric currents, and cross-polar cap potential (CPCP) responses to the solar wind. Observations from SuperDARN are used to validate the numerical findings. Two specific time frames on May 10 are examined: one representing quiet conditions and another with active polar cap convection cells. This allows for an assessment of how well the simulations align with the actual observations. The investigation includes a thorough look at the temporal evolution, the number of convection cells, and their spatial distribution within the polar cap and CPCP area. Additionally, the research explores the scattered patterns of convection cells, including instances of multiple cell formations. The study compares the simulated Kp and CPCP values with observed data from ground magnetometers and SuperDARN to gauge consistency. The encouraging overall agreement suggests the numerical results could offer improvements for addressing the underestimation of CPCP in SuperDARN observations. Furthermore, the model’s ability to estimate the magnetopause radius is evaluated against previous models, while temporal structures in the plasma convection maps predicted by the EUHFORIA/Gorgon-Space models are also scrutinized.

Jaar van publicatie:2025

Trefwoorden:Astronomie en astrofysica

Toegankelijkheid:Embargoed

Reviewstatus:Peerreview