Publicaties
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Strategic Hedging and China's Economic Policy in the Middle East Vrije Universiteit Brussel
We present the strategic hedging framework as a way to trace the determinants of the foreign policies of hedging states. We use the case of Chinese energy security strategy in the Middle East as an illustrative case study. We first use four criteria to establish that China's energy security strategy in the Middle East is a strong example of strategic hedging behavior. Then we examine the impact of oil production in the Middle East countries on ...
Exploring the Advantages of a Hydrolyzed Rice Formula in the Dietary Management of Infants with Cow's Milk Allergy in the Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan Region Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most common food allergy in early childhood, and its prevalence continues to rise. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for infants in the first 6 months of life, but this recommendation is poorly adhered to in many parts of the world, including the Middle East, North Africa, and Pakistan (MENAP) region. If the infant is affected by CMA, current guidelines recommend extensively hydrolyzed formulas (eHFs) or ...
Physicians' Understanding of Nutritional Factors Determining Brain Development and Cognition in the Middle East and Africa Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Purpose: Proper nutrition is essential for brain development during infancy, contributing to the continued development of cognitive, motor, and socio-emotional skills throughout life. Considering the insufficient published data in the Middle East and North Africa, experts drafted a questionnaire to assess the opinions and knowledge of physicians on the impact of nutrition on brain development and cognition in early life.
Methods: The ...
Outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus in camels and probable spillover infection to humans in Kenya Instituut voor Tropische Geneeskunde
The majority of Kenya's > 3 million camels have antibodies against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), although human infection in Africa is rare. We enrolled 243 camels aged 0-24 months from 33 homesteads in Northern Kenya and followed them between April 2018 to March 2020. We collected and tested camel nasal swabs for MERS-CoV RNA by RT-PCR followed by virus isolation and whole genome sequencing of positive samples. ...
Imagining a Shared Future: Perspectives on Law, Conflict and Economic Development in the Middle East Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Perspectives on Law, Conflict and Economic Development in the middle East
Lessons from MENA: appraising EU transfers of military and security equipment to the Middle East and North Africa: a contribution to the review of the EU common position Universiteit Gent
This publication analyses EU arms exports to the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), in recent years both from an overarching perspective as well as detailing specific transfers. While the particular timing and nature of the Arab Spring itself could not be predicted, the potential for trouble at some point and the responding State repression could hardly be a surprise given the nature of these authoritarian regimes. While civil society over the ...
The Middle East after the fall of Ur : from Ešnunna and the Zagros to Susa Universiteit Gent
The disintegration of the southern Mesopotamian kingdom of Ur caused the emergence of various small polities in the adjacent regions east of the Tigris and in the Zagros Mountains, on the one hand, and of a large power block in the Iranian highlands, on the other. This chapter gives an overview of current knowledge on the kingdom of Ešnunna in the Diyala valley, the Zagros kingdoms of Lullubum and Simurrum, and the powerful Elamite kingdom in ...
EU cybersecurity capacity building in the Mediterranean and the Middle East Universiteit Gent
Cyberthreats on the Rise The 2008 Report on the implementation of the European Security Strategy included “cybersecurity” for the first time among the priorities of the EU’s external action, stating that: “modern economies are heavily reliant on critical infrastructure including transport, communication and power supplies, but also the Internet.” If the EU Strategy for a Secure Information Society, adopted two years before, already addressed ...
Hedging in the Middle East and China-U.S. Competition Vrije Universiteit Brussel
This article examines policies of both China and the United States in the Middle East. It evaluates the effectiveness of Beijing's strategic hedging behavior against Washington's “hard power” strategies by discussing several policy challenges in this region: energy security, the Iranian nuclear issue, terrorism, regional alliance structures, and the “Arab Spring.” The results of this study show that the gradual retreat of the United States from ...