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Trial watch: chemotherapy-induced immunogenic cell death in oncology KU Leuven Universiteit Gent Universiteit Antwerpen Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) refers to an immunologically distinct process of regulated cell death that activates, rather than suppresses, innate and adaptive immune responses. Such responses culminate into T cell-driven immunity against antigens derived from dying cancer cells. The potency of ICD is dependent on the immunogenicity of dying cells as defined by the antigenicity of these cells and their ability to expose immunostimulatory ...
The effect of local non-thermal plasma therapy on the cancer-immunity cycle in a melanoma mouse model Universiteit Antwerpen
Melanoma remains a deadly cancer despite significant advances in immune checkpoint blockade and targeted therapies. The incidence of melanoma is also growing worldwide, which highlights the need for novel treatment options and strategic combination of therapies. Here, we investigate non-thermal plasma (NTP), an ionized gas, as a promising, therapeutic option. In a melanoma mouse model, direct treatment of tumors with NTP results in reduced tumor ...
Cryptic transcripts: the masked heroes that break tumor immunotolerance and rescue the immunotherapy response KU Leuven
In the last years, immunotherapy revolutionized cancer treatment in terms of quality of life and life years saved. Immune-checkpoint blockage (ICB) therapy, like anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) therapy, blocks the inhibitory interaction between immune-checkpoint ligands on the tumor and their receptors on T-cells (or vice versa). Despite the ground-breaking clinical success, ICB therapy responses are variable and unpredictable, while ...
The ins and outs of messenger RNA electroporation for physical gene delivery in immune cell-based therapy Universiteit Antwerpen
Messenger RNA (mRNA) electroporation is a powerful tool for transient genetic modification of cells. This non-viral method of genetic engineering has been widely used in immunotherapy. Electroporation allows fine-tuning of transfection protocols for each cell type as well as introduction of multiple protein-coding mRNAs at once. As a pioneering group in mRNA electroporation, in this review, we provide an expert overview of the ins and outs of ...
Continuous freeze-drying of messenger RNA lipid nanoparticles enables storage at higher temperatures Universiteit Gent
Transport by circulating myeloid cells drives liposomal accumulation in inflamed synovium Universiteit Gent Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie
The therapeutic potential of liposomes to deliver drugs into inflamed tissue is well documented. Liposomes are believed to largely transport drugs into inflamed joints by selective extravasation through endothelial gaps at the inflammatory sites, known as the enhanced permeation and retention effect. However, the potential of blood-circulating myeloid cells for the uptake and delivery of liposomes has been largely overlooked. Here we show that ...
Nanobody-mediated SPECT/CT imaging reveals the spatiotemporal expression of programmed death-ligand 1 in response to a CD8+ T cell and iNKT cell activating mRNA vaccine Universiteit Gent Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Rationale: Although promising responses are obtained in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1), only a fraction of patients benefits from this immunotherapy. Cancer vaccination may be an effective approach to improve the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy. However, there is a lack of research on the dynamics of PD-L1 ...
IL-15-secreting CAR natural killer cells directed toward the pan-cancer target CD70 eliminate both cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts Universiteit Antwerpen Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie
BackgroundIt remains challenging to obtain positive outcomes with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered cell therapies in solid malignancies, like colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A major obstacle is the lack of targetable surface antigens that are not shared by healthy tissues. CD70 emerges as interesting target, due to its stringent expression pattern in healthy tissue and its apparent role in tumor ...
A metabolic gene survey pinpoints fucosylation as a key pathway underlying the suppressive function of regulatory T cells in cancer Universiteit Gent Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie KU Leuven
A metabolic CRISPR-Cas9 screen reveals the important role of fucosylation in the suppressive function of Tregs. Measuring fucosylation in Tregs has the potential to aid in the discovery of relevant prognostic markers for cancer patients. Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg) are the guardians of controlled immune reactions and prevent the development of autoimmune diseases. However, in the tumor context, their increased ...